BACKGROUND The pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) diagnosis is mostly based on clinical findings. However, few studies have examined the clinical basis for the diagnostics of PID, which was the aim of this study. METHODS A retrospective study was performed of 189 out-patients diagnosed as having PID at the obstetric and gynecological emergency department of a Swedish university hospital. Data ...

Emergency physicians should be aware of the following changes and shifts in emphasis that differentiate this set of guidelines from its predecessors. Changes related to the transmission of HIV: • The CDC is concerned with the unnecessary use of long courses of HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) drug regimens in health care providers who are exposed to blood and/or body fluids from non–HIV-infec...

S exually transmitted diseases (STDs) are among the most common infectious diseases in the United States today. More than 20 STDs have now been identified, and they affect more than 13 million men and women in this country each year. Equally startling is the price tag associated with their prevention and treatment in the clinical setting: the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease...

Prior to the circulation of the CDC draft guidelines and the discussion of these at the Infectious Disease Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology (IDSOG) in 1995, the attending staff at Genesee Hospital followed 5 different protocols for using prophylac-tic antibiotics to prevent group B streptococcal (GBS) disease in the newborn. With a planned education approach for the attending and hospital ...

The CDC and National Institutes of Health (NIH) Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) manual describes biosafety recommendations for work involving highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) (US Department of Health and Human Services [HHS], CDC. Biosafety in microbiological and biomedical laboratories, 5th ed. Atlanta, GA: CDC; 2009. HHS publication no. [CDC] 21-1112. A...

BACKGROUND In 2012, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommended hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening for those born between 1945 and 1965. Prior recommendations endorsed screening based on risk factors (RFs). Because United States (US) military retirees have had at least 20 years of access to free comprehensive health care, mandatory physical fitness tests, periodic health assessments and ma...

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has published significant data and trends related to the national public health burden associated with trauma and injury. In the United States (U.S.), injury is the leading cause of death for persons aged 1-44 years. In 2008, approximately 30 million injuries resulted in an emergency department (ED) evaluation; 5.4 million (18%) of these pati...

Results The rates for awareness on the WHO and CDC hand hygiene guidelines were 26 (41%) and 28 (44%) of HCWs, respectively. 14 (22%) of HCWs were able to explain the WHO Five Moments of Hand Hygiene tool when asked, and 13 (20%) had seen the tool but could not explain its meaning. The subject HCWs had reported being introduced to the WHO guideline tools through publications, reviews in Japane...