We report the independent cloning of the cDNA for CD31, a recently described cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily present on platelets, granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, and endothelial cells. Northern analysis revealed three major mRNA transcripts in Jurkat (a human T cell line) and K562 and HEL (leukemia cell lines) cells with an additional 5.3-kilobase transcript...

BACKGROUND Inhibition of aging of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) may delay aging and prolong life. The goal of this study was to prepare anti-CD31 monoclonal antibody conjugated PEG-modified liposomes containing the AU-rich region connecting factor 1 (AUF1) gene (CD31-PILs-AUF1) and to explore the effects of targeting CD31-PILs-AUF1 to aging VECs. METHODS The mean particle sizes of various...

Recent studies of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1 [CD31])-deficient mice have revealed that this molecule plays an important role in controlling the activation and survival of cells on which it is expressed. In this review, we focus on the complex cytoplasmic domain of PECAM-1 and describe what is presently known about its structure, posttranslational modifications, and b...

CD31, a trans-homophilic inhibitory receptor expressed on both T- and B-lymphocytes, drives the mutual detachment of interacting leukocytes. Intriguingly, T cell CD31 molecules relocate to the immunological synapse (IS), where the T and B cells establish a stable interaction. Here, we show that intact CD31 molecules, which are able to drive an inhibitory signal, are concentrated at the peripher...

We previously reported that CD31(bright) cells, which were sorted from cultured AC133(+) cells of adult peripheral blood cells, differentiated more efficiently into endothelial cells than CD31(+) cells or CD31(-) cells, suggesting that CD31(bright) cells may be endothelial precursor cells. In this study, we found that CD31(bright) cells have a strong ability to release cytokines. The mixture of...

Cardiac stem cells (CSCs) were known to secrete diverse paracrine factors leading to functional improvement and beneficial left ventricular remodeling via activation of the endogenous pro-survival signaling pathway. However, little is known about the paracrine factors secreted by CSCs and their roles in cardiomyocyte survival during hypoxic condition mimicking the post-myocardial infarction env...

Homophilic ligation of CD31, a member of the Ig superfamily of adhesion receptors, promotes macrophage clearance of apoptotic leukocytes by a mechanism hitherto not described. In studying CD31-dependent regulation of beta1-integrin binding of fibronectin-coated Latex beads, we discovered a role for the voltage-gated potassium channel ether-à-go-go-related gene (ERG) as a downstream effector of ...

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine if CD31 is a novel marker of a circulating angio-vasculogenic cell population and to establish the cells' therapeutic effects on experimental ischemia. BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggested that therapeutic mechanisms underlying various bone marrow-derived cells are due to paracrine effects. Furthermore, the vasculogenic potential of these cells is un...

CD31, an immunoglobulin-like molecule expressed by leukocytes and endothelial cells, is thought to contribute to the physiological regulation T cell homeostasis due to the presence of two immunotyrosine-based inhibitory motifs in its cytoplasmic tail. Indeed, loss of CD31 expression leads to uncontrolled T cell-mediated inflammation in a variety of experimental models of disease and certain CD3...