Abstract Background Introduction: Neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), chronic relapsing inflammatory disease colon. Low-density neutrophils (LDNs) are recently identified subset that more prone to develop NETs produce pro-inflammatory cytokines calprotectin than normal density. Moreover, LDNs show reduced ...

In the broadest sense of the word alternation refers to any experimental procedure in which one stimulus elicits different responses depending on the ordinal number of the trial. The simplest form of alternation , which may be called " simple alternation'', is that in which a conditioned stimulus (CS) alternately signals either reinforcement or nonreinforcement in successive trials (i.e., + — t...

A locally small category E is totally distributive (as defined by Rosebrugh-Wood) if there exists a string of adjoint functors t ⊣ c ⊣ y, where y : E → Ê is the Yoneda embedding. Saying that E is lex totally distributive if, moreover, the left adjoint t preserves finite limits, we show that the lex totally distributive categories with a small set of generators are exactly the injective Grothend...

N-Phosphine oxide substituted imidazolylidenes (PoxIms) have been synthesized and fully characterized. These species can undergo significant changes to the spatial environment surrounding their carbene center through rotation of the phosphine oxide moiety. Either classical Lewis adducts (CLAs) or frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) are thus formed with B(C6 F5 )3 depending on the orientation of the p...

Global gene expression analysis established the temporal expression patterns and programs underlying the development of functional activity of ex vivo-expanded (EXE) human granulocytes, as well as differences compared with peripheral blood (PB) granulocytes. CD34(+) progenitor cells were cultured for 3 wk to induce rapid expansion and granulocytic differentiation, with 40% CD15(+) cells by day ...

A 49-year-old man was admitted due to fever, arthralgia, and diarrhea of unknown origin. He had received highly active antiretroviral therapy treatment since 2006, with HIV-RNA being undetectable. Hemogram revealed macrocytic anemia (hemoglobin, 10.5 g/dL; mean corpuscular volume, 101 fL), leukopenia (2.4 G/L; lymphocytes, 2.2 G/L; neutrophils, 0.14 G/L; monocytes, 0.04 G/L; eosinophils, 0.01 G...

We report a rare case of primary pulmonary Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegaly virus (CMV) infections as demonstrated by in situ hybridisation method. Reed-Sternberg cells were CD30 positive. Numerous CD15+ cells were noticed, some of them with concomitant CMV infection.

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Although aggressive surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have improved outcomes, survivors suffer severe long-term side effects, and many patients still succumb to their disease. For patients whose tumors are driven by mutations in the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway, SHH antagonists offer some hope. However, many SHH-associated...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with several key hallmarks, including elevated Th2 cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13; spongiosis; barrier deficits pruritus. The goal of this study was to characterize the immune cell populations present in circulation AD donors compared healthy controls. Plasma samples from had increased levels TARC (CCL17) IgE consistent acti...