Post-translational maturation of c-type cytochromes involves covalent attachment of haem to the apocytochrome polypeptide by two thioether bonds. In bacteria, haem attachment occurs in the periplasm, after the separate translocation of haem and the polypeptide across the cytoplasmic membrane. In Escherichia coli, delivery and attachment of the cofactor requires eight or nine specific proteins, ...

CcmD is a small membrane protein involved in heme delivery to the heme chaperone CcmE during cytochrome c maturation. Here we show that it physically interacts with CcmE and CcmC, another essential component of the heme delivery system. We demonstrate the formation of a ternary complex consisting of CcmCDE. A deletion analysis of individual domains revealed that the central hydrophobic domain i...

The Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) community structure and the specific sensitivity of certain EPT genera were found to be influenced by water parameters in the rivers of Gunung Jerai Forest Reserve (GJFR) in the north of peninsular Malaysia. The scores of EPT taxa richness of >10 in all rivers indicated all rivers' habitats were non-impacted, having good water quality coincidi...

Community detection is the process of grouping strongly connected nodes in a net-work. Many community detection methods for un-weighted networks have a theoreticalbasis in a null model, which provides an interpretation of resulting communities in termsof statistical significance. In this paper, we introduce a null for sparse weighted networkscalled the continuous configurati...

Rivers play a significant role in providing water resources for human and ecosystem survival and health. Hence, river water quality is an important parameter that must be preserved and monitored. As the state of Selangor and the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, are undergoing tremendous development, the river is subjected to pollution from point and non-point sources. The water quality of the Kl...

Cytochromes c comprise a diverse and widespread family of proteins containing covalently bound heme that are central to the life of most organisms. In many bacteria and in certain mitochondria, the synthesis of cytochromes c is performed by a complex post-translational modification apparatus called System I (or cytochrome c maturation, Ccm, system). In Escherichia coli , there are eight maturat...

The surface water quality of some stagnant water bodies (ponds and lakes—Obi Lake, Usede pond, Oguta lake, Omuku pond, Ugheghe pond, Karabodone lake, Abua lake, Ikarama lake, Tenmako lake, and Adiegbe lake) in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria have been investigated experimentally by analysing the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of the surface water samples. Results show: pH (5.10...

An attempt has been made in this present work, to study the seasonal variations of water quality of River Godavari for the period of 2004-2012 at Rajahmundry and Dhawaleswaram located on the banks of River Godavari in Andhra Pradesh. This water quality modelling is done with the help of Water Quality Indices (WQI) computed using NSFWQI and WAIWQI methods. Multivariate statistical techniques nam...

Assessment of water quality was conducted from June to December, 2011 in five stations along the stretch of the Benin River between Ajimele and Koko town in attempt to assess and determine the source of anthropogenic activities affecting the river. Twentyfour parameters have been monitored on 5 sampling stations on a monthly-day-trip. Inter station comparisons and locations of significant diffe...

Although Qionghai Lake is one of the 11 large and medium-sized lakes (lake area > 25 km2) in Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau (YGP), there has been little research on its water quality, especially over long term. Herein, meteorological, hydrologic, trophic, biochemical indices were investigated 2011–2020 period to explore spatiotemporal variations quality Lake. The results showed that CCME-WQI value f...