Background Surfactants have attracted increasing interest for their capability to improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Compared to chemical surfactants, biosurfactants have a broader prospect for industrial applications because they are more environmentally friendly and more effective in some researches. Commercial cellulase preparations are mainly composed of endoglucan...

BACKGROUND Neonatal mortality remains a serious health issue especially in low resource countries, where 99% of neonatal deaths occur. Doctors with Africa CUAMM is an Italian non-governmental organization in the field of healthcare that has been working in Africa since 1955. In Mozambique, at the Central Beira Hospital (CBH), it has a project with the aim of supporting the neonatal intensive ca...

The relative contributions of four major cellulases of Trichoderma reesei (1,4-beta-D-glucan cellobiohydrolase I [CBH I], CBH II, endo-1,4-beta-D-glucanase I [EG I], and EG II) to the generation of the cellulase inducer from cellulose were studied with isogenic strains in which the corresponding genes (cbh1, cbh2, egl1, and egl2) had been deleted by insertion of the Aspergillus nidulans amdS ma...

BACKGROUND High enzyme loading is a major economic bottleneck for the commercial processing of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass to produce fermentable sugars. Optimizing the enzyme cocktail for specific types of pretreated biomass allows for a significant reduction in enzyme loading without sacrificing hydrolysis yield. This is especially important for alkaline pretreatments such as Ammonia f...

We describe the SAT solver Eureka. Eureka is a state-of-the-art SAT solver, used in various Formal Verification flows at Intel. Eureka is based upon backtrack search DLL algorithm, enhanced by failure-driven assertion loop; nonstandard conflict analyses; restart and clause deletion strategies; CBH decision heuristic and decision stack shrinking.

Surface downward longwave radiation (SDLR) is significant with regard to surface energy budgets and climate research. The uncertainty of cloud base height (CBH) retrieval by remote sensing induces the vast majority SDLR estimation errors under cloudy conditions; reliable CBH observation are crucial for determining radiative effect. This study presents a methodology built from 10 thermal spectra...

BACKGROUND Non-productive binding of enzymes to lignin is thought to impede the saccharification efficiency of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars. Due to a lack of suitable analytical techniques that track binding of individual enzymes within complex protein mixtures and the difficulty in distinguishing the contribution of productive (binding to specific glycans) versus no...

Clouds play two contrasting roles in the fate of aerosols as a sink through wet scavenging and source medium for aqueous-phase secondary aerosol formation. The contributions clouds to near-surface particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) are quantitatively examined particular focus on boundary-layer using Weather Research Forecasting model coupled chemistry (WRF-Chem). Overall,...

Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a clinical condition characterized by diffuse intraabdominal spread of mucinous tumor implants that form on peritoneal surfaces. To complement the efficacy of cytoreductive surgery, an effective cytotoxic drug is required as an intraperitoneal agent for microscopic cytoreduction locoregionally. To develop a model for drug discovery, human pseudomyxoma peritonei t...