Surface quality of the steel slabs in a Continuous Casting (C.C.) process is mainly determined by the stability of the Mold Level Control (MLC). Excessive mold level fluctuations lead to an additional machine scarfing process which is applied to the slabs to avoid surface defects. A conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is not robust enough to deal with the disturbances...

Unfortunately, many things can go wrong. In the United States voters are often confronted with bewildering numbers of issues to decide. Ballot choices and designs vary from election to election and from district to district—or even within a district. People may have trouble casting the votes they intend. Both machine and human issues affect how votes are recorded and counted. Especially in a cl...

Purpose: The paper presents results of the research connected with the development of new approach based on the neural network to predict chemical composition and cooling rate for the mechanical properties of the Mg-Al-Zn cast alloys. The independent variables on the model are chemical composition of Mg-Al-Zn cast alloys and cooling rate. The dependent parameters are hardness, ultimate compress...

Delayed processing time and machine failures upset the plan in steelmaking-continuous casting (SCC) production, which make production plan infeasible. The manual repairing cannot satisfy objectives of quick response and optimal scheduling. The practical rescheduling with 1-4 refining stages cannot abstract as three stages hybrid flow shop (HFS). A method is presented for the rescheduling proble...