In this paper we propose a method to estimate externality effects in cash transfer programmes, even in cases when the benefit is not randomly assigned. Externality is assessed through the decomposition of the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) into participation (direct) effect and externality (indirect) effect. We also suggest a nonparametric decomposition to investigate whether cha...

This study uses heteroskedastic Tobit and Censored Least Absolute Deviations models to examine the impacts of dairy cow ownership on selected outcomes for a sample of 184 households in coastal Kenya. The outcomes examined include gross household cash income, gross non-agricultural income, consumption of dairy products, time allocated to cattlerelated tasks, number of labourers hired and total w...

To construct our measures of welfare state expenditures we use data sources compiled by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), in particular the OECD Social Expenditure Database, which includes many categories of cash and in-kind social benefits—old age and disability, occupational injury, sickness, unemployment, family benefits and services, public health expenditur...

In a widely cited 1995 paper, Aaron Yelowitz concluded that Medicaid eligibility expansions for children were associated with increased labor force participation and reduced welfare participation among single mothers. The authors of the present study, using data from the 1988–96 Current Population Surveys, reexamine the evidence presented by Yelowitz. They find that Yelowitz's results resulted ...

1. The deaths were announced with regret of G. E. S. Ward and D. H. Davies. 2. The Minutes of the Annual General Meeting having been published in the Joumal (1968, 30,869) were taken as read and confirmed. 3. The Treasurer reported that the investments of the General Fund remained at C529.2.0 and that income from investments had increased by £40, due to the larger amount held on deposit. The in...

Child poverty can be reduced by policies that help families earn more and supplement earned income with other sources of cash. A comprehensive antipoverty strategy could use a combination of these approaches. This article reviews recent U.S. experience with these broad approaches to reducing child poverty and discusses lessons from abroad for U.S. policymakers. The evidence reviewed suggests th...

This briefing note provides an overview of the role of cash transfers in the reduction of children's poverty in low and middle income countries. Drawing on existing literature and programme experiences, the note outlines the following key points: • There has been an increasing emphasis on (targeted) cash transfers as a key instrument to reduce poverty, deprivation and vulnerability of children ...

in this paper the ability of economic and accounting performance measures in explaining values of companies have been evaluated. economic value added, refined economic value added and market value added are as economic performance measures and net income, operating income and operating cash flows is considered as accounting performance measures. in order to data analyzing and testing the search...

this paper is an attempt to analyze the impact of income taxes and market capitalization on fixed investment (investment in tangible assets) by manufacturing companies listed on kse. this paper basically examines that how corporate income taxes affect fixed investment by reducing cash flow available for a firm to invest and how the firm size in the lights of market capitalization affects fixed ...