The doping characteristics and carrier transport in a GaAs p-n junction were visualized with a approximately 10 nm spatial resolution, using light-modulated scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The dynamics of minority carriers under operating conditions, such as recombination, diffusion, and electric field induced drift, which had previously been analyzed on the basis of empirical electric propert...

Dry powder inhaler (DPI) is generally formulated as a powder mixture of coarse carrier particles and micronized drug with aerodynamic diameters of 1-5 μm. Carrier particles are used to improve drug particle flowability, thus improving dosing accuracy, minimizing the dose variability compared with drug alone and making them easier to handle during manufacturing operations. Lactose is the most co...

the possibility of terahertz generation has been investigated from a photoconductive switch based on gaas, gated by a femtosecond laser. the emission properties of photoconductive antenna (pca) with low-temperature-grown (lt) gaas have been studied. in such gaas materials presence of the charged defects induces a redistribution of the electric field between the antenna electrodes. this effect h...

berberine was loaded in yeast cells of saccharomyces cerevisiaeas a novel pharmaceutical carrier to improve the treatment ofmany diseases. the yeast-encapsulated active materialsshowedhigh stability and bioavailability due to the enhanced solubility and sustained releasing. in this study, different characteristics of prepared berberine loaded yeast cells (loading capacity, release kinetic order...

Carbazole-based materials adopting the nonconjugated substitution of triphenylsilyl (-SiPh(3)) and trityl (-CPh(3)) side groups are studied as high-triplet-energy, morphologically, and electrochemically stable host materials with tunable carrier-transport properties for organic blue electrophosphorescence. The developed host materials 9-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3,6-bis(triphenylsilyl)-9H-carbazole ...

Density-functional theory (DFT) is employed to investigate the structural, electronic, and transport properties of several isomeric fluoroarene-oligothiophene-based semiconductors. Three oligothiophene systems varying in the perfluoroarene group positions within the molecule are studied to understand the electronic structure leading to the observed mobility values and to the n- or p-type behavi...

/3-Hydroxyacyl acyl carrier protein (ACP) dehydrase has been purified 2900-fold from extracts of Escherichia coli. The enzyme catalyzes the reversible dehydration of /3-hydroxyacyl-ACP thioesters to yield specifically tram-2-enoylACP products. It is active with frans-2-enoyl-ACP thioesters of chain lengths from 4 through 16 carbon atoms. The enzyme catalyzes the hydration of cis-5frans-2-dodeca...