I thank the authors of the three responses to my article, ‘Have Ecosystem Services Been Oversold?’ [1], for providing a range of opinions that, to varying degrees, take the debate forward. In the most critical of the three letters, Potschin et al. [2] describe my paper as a caricature of the field, but then go on to caricature the paper itself. I did not claim that the ecosystem services (ES) p...

Facial caricature as a facial image media acts as an interface between the user and the computer. We developed the facial caricaturing robot “COOPER” (Fig. 1) that was exhibited at the Prototype Robot Exhibition of EXPO 2005 [1]. COOPER watches the face of a person seated at the chair, obtains facial images, and analyzes the images to extract 251 feature points to generate his facial line drawi...

We developed a system for automatic generation of caricatures by analyzing unique facial features of the subject. The proposed face model contains 119 parameters derived from the MPEG-4 standard. These nodes are categorized into 8 groups with a pre-defined hierarchy to guide the placement of face components after shape exaggeration. Given an input image, the system determines which and how the ...

This paper presents a prototype system, which synthesizes entertainment-oriented cartoon face and translates text message to multimedia animation in mobile phone. While a digital real facial photograph and some text are imputed, a piece of exaggerated facial animation with entertainment will be shown in the phone. Three steps are used to get this entertainment effect: first is the illustration ...

Facial caricaturing process should be investigated and modeled from multiple viewpoints of three relations among the model, the caricaturist and the gallery. Furthermore, some kinds of interactive mechanism should be installed in order especially to implement the relation between the facial caricature generation system PICASSO[ I ] and gallery. In this paper, we propose a dynamic caricaturing s...

We propose the creation of computational caricatures as a design research practice that aims to advance understanding of the game design process and to develop the reusable technology for design automation. Computational caricatures capture and exaggerate statements about the game design process in the form of computational systems (i.e. software and hardware). In comparison with empirical inte...

A caricature is a distinctive drawing in which the essence of a subject is rendered in the style of an artist. The question is: How do artists make distinctive drawings and how do viewers see subject and style? Here I explore this question in a series of three investigations on contour drawings of animal silhouettes. First, I present a descriptive study of how different artists (styles) create ...