The temperature range of growth was 5-39.5 C. Candida krusei was able to grow at 46 C. Torulopsis albida was able to grow at 0 C. The sugar tolerance was 50-55O Brix syrup. Saccharomyces ro8ei and Torulopsis lactis-condensi were able to tolerate 600 Brix syrup. Attractivity tests with dried-fruit beetles indicated that they responded most to Candida krusei, then Hanseniaspora valbyensis, fig ti...

Susceptibilities to amphotericin B and fluconazole of 909 Candida species collected during the Taiwan Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance of Yeasts (TSARY) in 2002 were determined by the broth microdilution method. There were 395 (43.5%) Candida albicans, 244 (26.8%) C. tropicalis, 187 (20.6%) C. glabrata, 63 (6.9%) C. parapsilosis, 9 (1%) C. krusei, and 11 (1.2%) others. Among them, 23 (2...

BACKGROUND Fluorescent dye Rhodamine 6G (R6G) is a substrate of multidrug resistance pumps and its accumulation is reduced in some azole-resistant Candida isolates with the upregulation of multidrug efflux transporter genes. Despite reports on species-specific differences in azole susceptibility in various Candida species, only a few studies have been reported on the R6G accumulation among clin...

Caspofungin is being used increasingly as therapy for invasive candidiasis. Prospective sentinel surveillance for emergence of in vitro resistance to caspofungin among invasive Candida spp. isolates is indicated. We determined the in vitro activity of caspofungin against 8,197 invasive (bloodstream or sterile-site) unique patient isolates of Candida collected from 91 medical centers worldwide f...

BACKGROUND Candida krusei fungaemia is an uncommon entity described in immunocompromised patients previously exposed to azole agents. METHODS From 1988 to 2003, 13 episodes of C. krusei fungaemia (2.3% of all fungaemias) were detected in our institution and compared with 39 Candida albicans controls. Susceptibility testing was carried out with the modified microdilution method according to NC...

We here report on the in vitro activity of toremifene to inhibit biofilm formation of different fungal and bacterial pathogens, including Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida dubliniensis, Candida krusei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. We validated the in vivo efficacy of orally administered toremifene against C. albicans and S. aureus biof...

OBJECTIVES To compare European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and CLSI broth microdilution (BMD) methods for testing the novel antifungal E1210 against a recent collection of 102 clinical isolates of Candida spp. METHODS Candida isolates (102) were tested by CLSI and EUCAST methods; 21 Candida albicans, 20 Candida glabrata, 25 Candida parapsilosis, 24 Candida tropi...

Antimycotic perfusion through Candida biofilms was demonstrated by a modification of a simple in vitro diffusion cell bioassay system. Using this model, the perfusion of three commonly used antifungal agents, amphotericin B, fluconazole, and flucytosine, was investigated in biofilms of three different Candida species (i.e., Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida krusei) that were d...

Optimal methods for susceptibility testing of Candida spp. with flucytosine have not been determined. Breakpoints were recommended in 1984, but never validated. In this study, we compared the 1984 recommended macrodilution broth method (using an 80% endpoint) with a modification of the more recent NCCLS-recommended microdilution broth method with three endpoints-spectrophotometric 50% and 80% a...