Monkey pox is one of the most rare disease caused by infection monkey virus; source still remained unknown. It was discovered in 1958 where there an outbreak small-pox like disease. At that time were kept to further analyze. In 1970, first instance monkeypox a human noted. Monkeypox cases have now been documented number other central and western African nations. Prior 2022 outbreak, almost all ...

Diseases caused by capripox viruses affects around 650 million sheep & goats (pox diseases) and 250 million cattle (lumpy skin disease). This constitutes a massive economic burden for many resourcepoor farmers in Africa, damaging their livelihoods and ability to increase their income. The current vaccines are expensive and difficult to deliver as they need a sophisticated cold chain. The purpos...

This work describes, for the first time, the changes taking place in the antioxidative system of the leaf apoplast in response to plum pox virus (PPV) in different Prunus species showing different susceptibilities to PPV. The presence of p-hydroxymercuribenzoic acid (pHMB)-sensitive ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (class I APX) and pHMB-insensitive APX (class III APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), pe...

Plum pox virus (PPV) is the causal agent of Sharka disease. Since its discovery, Sharka has been considered as a calamity in plum orchards. PPV is present worldwide in many Prunus species, causing great economic losses. In highly susceptible plum varieties, such as Požegača, PPV causes a premature fruit drop and reduces fruit quality, which leads to total yield loss. Eight PPV strains (PPV-M, P...

Outbreak of sheep pox was noticed in flocks of Khilakaraisal in an organized government farm of Tirunelveli district during 2013. Mortality and morbidity rates were 4.17% and 80.00%, respectively. Both the sexes of sheep between 6 months to 2 years old were affected. DNA extracted from the scab specimens (n=5) were amplified using Capri pox specific p32 gene primers and yielded 192 bp product. ...

Background and Objectives Sheeppox virus causes systemic disease in sheep that is often associated with high morbidity and mortality. Protection against sheep pox is mainly based on medical prophylaxis, vaccination being the only way. In Morocco, and up to now, there is no available information about local challenge strain to use for controlling the efficiency of vaccines produced against sheep...

To detect the presence of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in infected allantoic fluid (AF) of SPF embryonated eggs rapid hemagglutination (HA) activity after treatment with neuraminidase enzyme was used. Twenty IBV suspected materials were inoculated in SPF embryonated eggs via chorioallantoic cavity. Harvested AFs were treated with neuraminidase enzyme and the presence of IBV was detected by...