Over 2,600 transgenic rice plants in nine strains were regenerated from >500 independently selected hygromycin-resistant calli after Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The plants were transformed with fully modified (plant codon optimized) versions of two synthetic cryIA(b) and cryIA(c) coding sequences from Bacillus thuringiensis as well as the hph and gus genes, coding for hygromycin phos...

The use of positive selectable marker genes is widespread in plant genetic transformation allowing transgenic cells to grow while repressing non-transgenic cells. Negative selectable markers, on the contrary, allow the repression or ablation of transgenic cells. The codA gene of Escherichia coli encodes cytosine deaminase that hydrolyzes 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) into the cytotoxic compound 5 flu...

Copper plays a dual role in aerobic organisms, as both an essential and a potentially toxic element. To ensure copper availability while avoiding its toxic effects, organisms have developed complex homeostatic networks to control copper uptake, distribution, and utilization. In eukaryotes, including yeasts and mammals, high affinity copper uptake is mediated by the Ctr family of copper transpor...

The main objective of this study was to develop a reliable detection method for genetically modified cotton events MON 531 and MON 15985 by using multiplex PCR reaction technique. In this study we have used four primer pairs for the detection of individual gene segments present in transgene cassette of two GM cotton events which include CaMv35S promoter, Nos terminator, Cry1Ac and Npt II genes ...

UNLABELLED Simple, efficient, and economical recombinant plant binary expression vectors for deciphering large-scale functional genomic research in plants and promoting crop improvement by genetically engineering and biotechnology is in great demand. In this research, using the pCHF3, pCAMBIA1301, pCAMBIA3300, pCAMBIA3301 vectors, we successfully constructed general plant binary expression vect...

Anthocyanins and condensed tannins are major flavonoid end-products in higher plants. While the transactivation of anthocyanins by basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors is well documented, very little is known about the transregulation of the pathway to condensed tannins. The present study analyses the effect of over-expressing an Sn transgene in Lotus corniculatus, a model legume...

Detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food is an important issue for all the subjects involved in food control and customer's right. Due to the increasing number of GMOs imported to Iran during the past few years, it has become necessary to screen the products in order to determine the identity of the consumed daily foodstuffs. In this study, following the extraction of genomic ...

In comparison with animals, relatively few plant genes have been identified that have been shown to be under organ-, tissue- or cell-type-specific regulation. In this paper, we describe how the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene (gusA or uidA), fused to a weak promoter (a truncated (-90 bp) CaMV35S promoter), can be used to identify tissue-specific markers in transgenic tobacco plants. The ...

Protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation are major signaling events induced by osmotic stress in higher plants. Here, we showed that a SNF1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2), SRK2C, is an osmotic-stress-activated protein kinase in Arabidopsis thaliana that can significantly impact drought tolerance of Arabidopsis plants. Knockout mutants of SRK2C exhibited drought hypersensitivity in their root...

Digital PCR has developed rapidly since it was first reported in the 1990 s. It was recently reported that an improved method facilitated the detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). However, to use this improved method, the samples must be pretreated, which could introduce inaccuracy into the results. In our study, we explored a pretreatment-free digital PCR detection method for the...