The transcription of three annexin genes in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, was detected by reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction amplification of messenger RNAs. The highest level of expression was from the nex-1 gene, with lower levels detected for the nex-2 and nex-3 genes. The expression of nex-1 was reduced in the Dauer larval stage relative to the other annexins, correlati...

S100A2, a calcium binding protein of the EF-hand family, was recently identified to be inducible by etoposide, a p53 activator. A potential p53 binding site was identified in the promoter of the S100A2 gene, which binds to purified p53 as well as p53 in nuclear extract activated by etoposide. Transactivation assays using the promoter driven luciferase reporters revealed that the S100A2 promoter...

Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plays a key role in myeloid cell function and is rapidly and transiently expressed in T cells in response to immune or inflammatory stimuli. Induction of GM-CSF gene expression is accompanied by changes in chromatin structure across the proximal promoter region of the gene. We show that the promoter remodelling and subsequent gene transc...

The Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) regulates intracellular calcium homeostasis. We report on an upstream region of the rat NCX1 multipartite promoter that is active in cardiac myocytes. Although inactive in most non-cardiac cell lines, its activity can be rescued by cotransfection with GATA-4 and -6, but not GATA-5 transcription factors. In transgenic mice and similar to endogenous NCX1 mRNA expr...

Many recent studies have shown that glycosylation patterns of Agaricus bisporus are similar to those of mammalians, so that this organism is a good candidate for the expression of glycosylated pharmaceutical protein. To achieve constant interested gene expression in all cells of the organism, proper promoter isolation is necessary. To isolate this promoter, PCR with specific primers was perform...

BACKGROUND Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein 45β reactivates methylation-silenced neural plasticity-associated genes through DNA demethylation. However, growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein 45β-dependent demethylation contributes to neuropathic allodynia-associated spinal plasticity remains unclear. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (654 out of 659) received a spin...

Calcium signaling has been linked to activation of Pyk2, a calcium-dependent, focal adhesion kinase-related, non-receptor tyrosine kinase. Signaling via Pyk2 can activate c-jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK). Calcium has also been shown to activate phosphatidylinositol triphosphate kinase and/or JNK. Here, we show that calcium signaling in ovarian surface epithelial cells not only induces telomera...

objective: identity the genetic aspects and major gene influence on energy balance, milk production, fertility, food safety and consumer are the recent interests of genetic and breeding researchers. methods: najdi cattle is the most prominent breeds in khuzestan province. to do this plan in shoushtar najdi cattle station, blood samples were taken from 15 najdi cattles. dna was extracted from wh...

background: hypospadias is one of the most common congenital abnormalities in the male which is characterized by altered development of urethra, foreskin and ventral surface of the penis. androgen receptor gene plays a critical role in the development of the male genital system by mediating the androgens effects. objective: in present study, we looked for new variations in androgen receptor pro...

Expression of adiponectin decreases with obesity and insulin resistance. At present, the mechanisms responsible for negatively regulating adiponectin expression in adipocytes are poorly understood. In this investigation, we analyzed the effects of 5' serial deletion constructs on the murine adiponectin promoter. Here, we identified the repressor region located between -472 and -313 bp of the pr...