Plant parasitic nematodes, including root knot nematode Meloidogyne species, cause extensive damage to agriculture and horticultural crops. As Vitis vinifera cultivars are susceptible to root knot nematode parasitism, rootstocks resistant to these soil pests provide a sustainable approach to maintain grapevine production. Currently, most of the commercially available root knot nematode resistan...

chitin is one of the most important compounds of true fungi cell wall. this compound is used greatly in structural of nematodes egg shell including meloidogyne javanica. after chitin dissection by chitinase enzyme, convert to its sub units n-acetyl glucosamine. species of trichoderama genus due to high levels production of many hydrolytic enzymes including chitinase, protease and b-1,3-glucanas...

To determine the presence and level of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) infestation in Southern California bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) fields, soil and root samples were collected in April and May 2012 and analyzed for the presence of root-knot nematodes. The earlier samples were virtually free of root-knot nematodes, but the later samples all contained, sometimes very high numbers, of r...

In healthy cotton, except for random occasional occurrence in cortical cells, terpenoid aldehydes (TA) are localized in the epidermis and, even there, are absent from the tip 2-4 cm of the root. Since constitutive TA do not occur in the endodermis and stele of the root, they cannot be effective agents against the development of the sedentary stage of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognit...

Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne arenaria are important parasitic nematodes of vegetable and ornamental crops. Microplot and greenhouse experiments were conducted to test commercial formulations of the biocontrol agent Pasteuria penetrans for control of M. incognita on tomato and cucumber and M. arenaria on snapdragon. Three methods of application for P. penetrans were assessed including s...

application of antagonistic agents in the rhizosphere of plants is an important approach in control of soil-borne pathogens. establishment and persistence of biocontrol agents in the soil is a major concern in biological control. this study aimed to determine the effect of plant debris of oak forests on activity of pseudomonas fluorescens and trichoderma vierns against meloidogyne javanica in t...

greenhouse studies showed in the transplant of tomato that two weeks before infection with nematodes with two species of mycorrhizal g. mosseae and g. intraradices had been inoculated, were significantly offseted the reduction of growth that had been done by nematodes. it should be noted that the percentage of root colonization with two species 66.3% and 62.2% respectively and based on this stu...

verticillium wilt verticillium dahliae is now a days commonplace in olive orchards in north of iran. root-knot nematode, meloidogyne javanica, as well is one of the most widely disseminated plant parasitic nematodes in olive orchards of iran. this study was arranged to find the effects of two sets of pot beds on these pathogens' interaction. microsclerotia of verticillium dahliae and j2s o...

An antigenic glycosylated cysteine protease has been purified from the latex of Euphorbia nivulia Buch.-Ham. It exhibits remarkable protease activity in the presence of metal ions, oxidizing agents, organic solvents, and detergents. This enzyme showed potential role in leather processing industry due to its dehairing activity for animal hide without hydrolyzing fibrous proteins, producing, by t...