Cadmium is a heavy metal, a well recognized environmental pollutant with numerous adverse health effects. Being widely used in industry, cadmium can affect human health through occupational and environmental exposure (Waisberg et al., 2003). The level of cadmium compounds in the environment have progressively increased as a consequence of industrial pollution which can be attributed to electrop...

Potentiometric sensing and electrochemical recycling of cadmium ion have been demonstrated over chemical interactive electrically conducting bio nanocomposite film comprised zinc oxide, sodium alginate, polypyrrole (ZnO/SA-g-PPy) using...

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy may be applied to examine interactions of melanin with metal ions and drugs. In this work EPR method was used to examination of changes in free radical system of DOPA-melanin--the model eumelanin after complexing with diamagnetic cadmium(II) ions. Cadmium(II) may affect free radicals in melanin and drugs binding by this polymer, so the knowledg...

Metallothioneins (MT) were obtained after purification from metal-exposed clams (Ruditapes decussatus) using gel-permeation and ion-exchange chromatography. Four cadmium-metallothioneins (CdMTs) were resolved by ion-exchange chromatography and they all had similar molecular weights, high cadmium content and an absorption spectra indicative of the presence of characteristic Cd-S aggregates. The ...

Citrobacter freundii bacteria were grown in LB medium containing cadmium ion. In order to reduce adverse effect caused by cadmium, different concentrations of vitamin C, added the growth medium. While concentration was determined spectrophotometer, amounts water and fat-soluble vitamins also HPLC. The varied from 0 (control), 10, 20, 40, 60, 75, 100, 125 ppm has not been observed on bacteria, u...

In our laboratory, chronically feeding cadmium to groups of rats has been reproducibly associated with average increases of 15 to 20 mm Hg in systolic pressure. A total of 497 female Long-Evans rats were continuously provided with drinking water fortified with five essential elements and containing from 0.01 to 50 ppm cadmium, as the acetate, from weaning for as long as 30 months. These rats, p...

High Cd concentrations and excess Zn often interfere with mineral nutrients uptake by ion competition as well as affecting membrane permeability (Siedleska, 1995). The induced changes in cell ion homeostasis generally provoke different physiological disorders resulting finally in plant growth inhibition. It has been suggested that Cd and Zn have a similar mode of toxic action (Breckle, 1991; Cl...

The use of substrate analogues as inhibitors provides a way to understand and manipulate enzyme function. Here we report two 1 A resolution crystal structures of liver alcohol dehydrogenase in complex with NADH and two inhibitors: dimethyl sulfoxide and isobutyramide. Both structures present a dynamic state of inhibition. In the dimethyl sulfoxide complex structure, the inhibitor is caught in t...