While there has been some research on the parliamentary enclosure of upland waste in England and Wales during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, this topic still receives little attention in some recent accounts of parliamentary enclosure. Many aspects of the processes involved, and their impact on the landscape, are also poorly understood. Much research has proceeded either at a very gen...

Title of Document: SEPARATING THE EFFECTS OF GROUP SIZE, DENSITY, AND ENCLOSURE SIZE ON MOVEMENT AND USE OF SPACE IN DOMESTIC FOWL (Gallus gallus domesticus) Erin Hoerl Leone, Ph.D., 2008 Directed By: Professor Inmaculada Estevez, Department of Animal and Avian Science This project was designed to separate the confounded effects of group size, density, and enclosure size, and to examine the rol...

Free-air CO 2 enrichment (FACE) experiments allow study of the effects of elevated [CO 2 ] on plants and ecosystems grown under natural conditions without enclosure. Data from 120 primary, peer-reviewed articles describing physiology and production in the 12 large-scale FACE experiments (475–600 ppm) were collected and summarized using meta-analytic techniques. The results confirm some results ...

The capacity of stem cells to self renew and the ability of stem cell daughters to differentiate into highly specialized cells depend on external cues provided by their cellular microenvironments [1-3]. However, how microenvironments are shaped is poorly understood. In testes of Drosophila melanogaster, germ cells are enclosed by somatic support cells. This physical interrelationship depends on...

The primary objective of this study is to develop a numerical scheme for accurate and eecient simulation of phase change and transport processes of industrial importance. These processes may include a variety of heat transfer and ow mechanisms in irregularly shaped domains with moving and/or free boundaries. Based on the multizone adaptive grid generation (MAGG) technique 1], a curvilinear nite...

A numerical investigation was carried out in order to predict the effects of symmetric heating on irregular acoustic streaming in air-filled shallow enclosures. The fluid motion is driven by periodic vibration of the enclosure left wall. The vertical walls of the enclosure are adiabatic while the horizontal walls are heated symmetrically. A control-volume method based, explicit time-marching Fl...

A convenient mathematical formulation is given for the absolute lowfrequency response of an electrodynamic direct radiator loudspeaker mounted in a vented or unvented enclosure. The combined effects of speaker Q (ratio of reactance to resistance), enclosure size, and enclosure tuning are shown to control the convergence of the response curve towards ts asymptotic value. Mathematical criteria ar...

In this paper, a numerical model of rectangular enclosure with apertures and a real receiving dipole antenna is considered for the purpose of accurate electric shielding effectiveness calculation. Dipole antenna is often used in practice to measure the level of electromagnetic field at some points inside the enclosure in order to estimate its shielding efficiency. Transmission-line matrix (TLM)...