In Optical Burst Switched (OBS) networks a burst may occupy a wavelength on one or more links as it travels through the network. In the literature, OBS networks have been analyzed assuming that each burst occupies only a wavelength on a single link. In this paper, we study analytically the performance of an OBS network with a mixture of different size bursts. The short bursts occupy a wavelengt...

We present a remarkable fine structure of “decimetric pulsation” event (DCIM), observed with the 2.60–3.80 GHz spectrometer in Beijing Astronomical Observatory on 3 May 1999; a “M” dynamic spectrum has been detected, thanks to the high time and frequency resolutions. We call this fine structure a microwave M burst and propose a plausible model which treats the observed M burst as an emission pr...

Optical burst switching (OBS) is a new approach proposed with the objective of utilizing the huge transmission capacity available with WDM links both efficiently and cost effectively. Burst assembly is one of the main building blocks of this approach, which is performed at the edge of an OBS domain in order to generate bursts whose lengths are much larger than the switching time of all-optical ...

Low threshold Ca2+ currents mediated by T-type channels underlie burst spike activities of relay neurons in the thalamus. We have previously reported that knock-out mice for T-type channels show an enhanced nociceptive response to visceral pain, accompanied by an increase in tonic spikes in the absence of burst spikes in thalamic relay neurons. These results raised a possibility that T-type cha...

The neutrophil respiratory burst, which is essential for the host's ability to kill microorganisms, can be stimulated by some natural agents. Olea europaea (Oleaceae) is used as anti hypertensive, hyperglycemia, and hypercholestremia in traditional medicine. Here in this study, we evaluate the stimulatory effect of olive oil extract on oxidative burst in human neutrophils in vitro. Buffy coat w...

We previously demonstrated that diuretic-induced hypovolemia resulted in an enhanced baroreflex-mediated increase in integrated muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and vasomotor tone during lower body negative pressure (LBNP) (Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 282: H645-H655, 2002). The purpose of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of these data and examine the ability of rel...

It has been shown in the past that pulsed laser systems operating in the so-called “burst mode” are a beneficial approach to generate high peak power laser pulses at high repetition rates suitable for various applications. So far, most high-energy burst-mode laser systems put great effort into generating a homogeneous energy distribution across the burst duration, e.g., by shaping the pump puls...

1. Several heart interneurons (HN cells) of the leech nerve cord have impulse-initiation sites in every segmental ganglion through which their single axons pass. All these initiation sites are capable of producing rhythmic impulse bursts. However, under normal conditions a dominant primary initiation site in the ganglion where the cell body is located suppresses the activity of the other second...