Blood samples were taken from 19 double-muscled (DM) and 20 normal (N) bull calves at the ages of 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5.5, 6.5 and 9 mo to compare the plasma concentrations of growth hormone and insulin in DM with those in N bull calves and to relate these to differences in growth rate between the two breed groups. Double-muscled bull calves were lighter (P less than .0001) than N calves at...

Oxidative stress has been identified as a crucial factor leading to male infertility largely due to peroxidativedamage to the sperm cell membrane. Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental pollutant and oneof the well-known reproductive toxicants. Because of its long biological half-life (10–30 years), Cdaccumulates in the biological systems. The present study was designed to assess the concen...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of 20% bull seminal plasma to semen extenders on post-thaw sperm motility, morphology, and fertility. Two Merino rams at 3-5 years of age, 43 ewes, and one Holstein bull were used. Fourteen ejaculates were collected by the use of an artificial vagina, twice a day, at 60 min interval. Six semen ejaculates were extended with Tris-egg...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in birth weight and gestation length between Japanese Black calves obtained from transfer of bovine embryos produced in vitro (IVP) and those developed in vivo (IVD). An additional objective was to clarify the sire effect on birth weight and gestation length and to examine the birth rate of heavier calves. Two Japanese Black bulls breed at ou...

Bull fertility may be defined as the process by which spermatozoa fertilize and activate the ovum and then support embryonic development. Bull fertility is a complex trait having relatively low heritability and plays a vital role for efficient production and reproduction of bovine. Various mechanisms involved in regulating bull fertility associated phenotype and reliable biomarkers are poorly d...

Background: Infertility problem affects 20-30% of young couples. One of the known causes of spermatogenesis disorder is chemotherapy in patients with cancer which its side effect may last up to the end of the life. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of GnRH on viability of ovarian follicles defect produced by anticancer drug. Materials and Methods: In the present study ad...

—Identification of the factors limiting inland salmonid populations, such as those of the threatened bull trout Salvelinus confluentus in the Pacific Northwest, can be particularly challenging due to substantial gaps in our understanding of population demographics, population structure in the presence of multiple life history forms, and vital rates. We implemented a large-scale mark–recapture p...

Background:The incidence rate of head and neck cancer in the world is about 560,000 new cases a year. Larynx cancer is the most common malignancy in head and neck in Iran. The most common head and neck carcinoma is the malignancy of squamous epithelial cells. This study was conducted to determine the survival rate of patients undergoing nonsurgical treatment methods for larynge...