A high rate of root exposure and consequently the exposure of the furcation area is usually observed in multirooted teeth. In maxillary molar teeth, this fact may endanger the three existent furcations (buccal, mesial and distal), causing serious problems. In this research, distance measures from the buccal furcation to the mesial (F1M) and distal (F1D) surfaces of the mesio-buccal and disto-bu...

adenoid cystic carcinoma (adcc) is a malignant neoplasm, which accounts for 5-10% of all salivary gland tumors (1). about 50% of these tumors originate from intraoral minor salivary glands usually in the hard palate (1). three clinically obvious characteristics of adcc include slow growth rate, perineural invasion and high incidence of distant metastasis (1). the most commonly-affected sites of...

squamous cell carcinoma (scc) of the buccal mucosa accounts for 23% to 37% of all intraoral cancers, the prognosis is generally poor. we reported a case of local invasion of buccal squamous cell carcinoma. a 32-year-old man referred to the clinic with a chief complaint of swelling in the right cheek region that initiated from 6 months ago and rapidly grow from one month ago. history of the pati...

it is difficult to reconstruct an alar defect with cartilage involvement. here in the authors report a case of traumatic alar loss during childhood in which an alar reconstruction was carried out with a composite auricular graft put over the pedicle buccal flap which was rotated and passed through the intraoral side. the lining skin and auricular cartilage for the flap was obtained from the aur...

Different feeding-related behaviors in Aplysia require substantial variations in the coordination of movements of two separate body parts, the lips and buccal mass. The central pattern generators (CPGs) and motoneurons that control buccal mass movements reside largely in the buccal ganglion. It was previously thought that control of the cerebral neuronal circuitry and motoneurons that generate ...

Buccal delivery involves the administration of the desired drug through the buccal mucosal membrane lining of the oral cavity.The objective of this article is to review buccal drug delivery by discussing the structure and environment of the oral mucosa and highlighting the mechanisms of drug permeation and methodology in evaluating buccal formulations. This review also highlights a brief descri...

This study aimed to test the sterility of new unused orthodontic buccal tubes received from manufacturers. Four different types of buccal tubes were used straight from the manufactures package without any additional sterilizing step. Of these buccal tubes tested, three genera of bacteria, implicated as opportunistic pathogens, namely Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Acinetoba...

This study was to investigate the efficiency of buccal dosage forms to deliver poor orally absorbed drugs. Two buccal gel formulations containing two gastrokinetic drugs with low oral bioavailability; domperidone and mosapride citrate; were tested against their market products. Twenty-four volunteers were enrolled in this study divided into two groups in a single dose, two treatment and two per...

Human buccal cells display diverse changes that are associated with smoked and smokeless tobacco, and clinicopathologic studies have correlated human buccal cell changes with oral cancer. Reported herein are the results of studies that were undertaken to identify a high-throughput technology that would advance efforts to use human buccal cells. We report that (a) a relatively large (mean +/- SD...