This study was conducted to determine the significance of bromacil transport as a function of water and carbon content in soils and to explore the implications of neglecting sorption when making assessments of travel time of bromacil through the vadose zone. Equilibrium batch sorption tests were performed for loamy sand and sandy soil added with four different levels of powdered activated carbo...

The mobility of humic-substance dominated natural organic matter (NOM) concentrated from a freshwater wetland by reverse osmosis was examined in sand columns at pH 5-8, in 0.001 M and 0.01 M NaClO4. Greater mobility was observed at higher pH and lower ionic strength, although breakthrough curves (BTCs) for bulk NOM exhibited extensive tailing under all conditions examined. Based on observations...

In order to reduce the frame memory usage in LCD overdrive, there is a basic technique called block truncation coding (BTC) is commonly used due to its efficient coding and low implementation cost. However, there is some limitation of BTC that causes severe perceptual artifacts and degrades overdrive performance. To overcome the problem of BTC here we propose an adaptive multi-level BTC (AM-BTC...

Background: Immunotherapy has recently been incorporated into the spectrum of biliary tract cancer (BTC) treatment. The identification predictive response biomarkers is essential in order to identify those patients who may benefit most from this novel treatment option. Here, we propose a systematic literature review and meta-analysis PD-1, PD-L1, other immune-related biomarker expression levels...

Although surgical resection is the only way to cure biliary tract cancer (BTC), most BTCs are unresectable by the time they are diagnosed. Chemotherapy is usually used to treat unresectable BTC, but its impact on survival is small. Here, we report the case of a 70-year-old woman with a locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that was initially diagnosed as an unresectable liver metasta...

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation is an important treatment option for patients with liver-originated tumors including biliary tract carcinomas (BTCs). Post-transplant tumor recurrence remains a limiting factor for long-term survival. The mammalian target of rapamycin-targeting immunosuppressive drug rapamycin could be helpful in lowering BTC recurrence rates. Therein, we investigated the antipr...

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are invasive carcinomas that arise from the epithelial lining of the gallbladder and bile ducts. These include intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal biliary tree cancers as well as carcinoma arising from the gallbladder. Complete surgical resection offers the only chance for cure; however, only 10% of patients present with early-stage disease and are considered surgic...

The influence of nonlinear sorption and prior sorbate/ sorbent exposure time on transport of fenuron and monuron in laboratory soil columns was studied. Observed monuron breakthrough curves (BTCs) were well described using a two-region transport model with a single mass-transfer rate coefficient, independent of prior sorbate/sorbent exposure history. However, levels of soil-resident postelution...