Lemierre's syndrome is a rare disease of the head and neck, characterized by an initial infection, usually within the oropharynx, which can develop into a septic thrombophlebitis. It can involve the jugular vein, facial veins and respiratory tract. A 7-year-old child attended our institution with a 1-week history of fever and cough. Initial imaging demonstrated a large left sided empyema with m...

BACKGROUND Post-pneumonectomy empyema is a major therapeutic challenge in thoracic surgery. The presence or absence of a concomitant bronchopleural fistula directs treatment of this condition. When there is no bronchopleural fistula the condition is classically treated with thoracostomy drainage, irrigation and antibiotic instillation with closure. This approach is, however, associated with a s...

PURPOSE To investigate the hemodynamic and ventilatory changes associated with the creation of an experimental bronchopleural fistula (BPF) treated by mechanical ventilation and thoracic drainage with or without a water seal. METHODS Six large white pigs weighing 25 kg each which, after general anesthesia, underwent endotracheal intubation (6mm), and mechanically ventilation. Through a left t...

Bronchopleural fistulas can occur as a rare but severe complication after pulmonary resection. Established guidelines for the proper treatment of patients with bronchopleural fistulas do not exist. Apart from attempts to close the fistula, emphasis is placed on preventive measures, early treatment with antibiotics, drainage of the empyema and aggressive nutritional and rehabilitative support. F...

hydatid cyst is an infectious parasitic disease often caused by echinococcus granulosus, or to a lesser extent by echinococcus alveolaris. the liver is the organ most frequently involved. we report a case with hydatid cyst of the liver and lung that many years after surgery developed bronchobiliary fistula and biloptysis. the patient had been operated 2 times previously but yet the problem was ...

56 y/o M with PMHx of Osteochondroma presented with 2 weeks dyspnea, generalized weakness and fever. Patient initially believed he had viral syndrome and did not seek medical attention. He had sore throat a week prior to onset of his symptoms. On presentation to the Emergency Department, he was in respiratory failure. He was transiently placed on NIPPV and admitted to ICU. He had CT chest which...

An infant developed a bronchopleural fistula following intrauterine transfusion given for severe haemolytic disease of the newborn. The fistula was shown to be due to the transfusion being given into the right pleural cavity and lung. Initial treatment along conservative lines is suggested, reserving thoracotomy and lobectomy for use if these simple measures fail. Hypocalcaemia was a complicati...

We read with great interest the article by Kunichika et al which describes a probable case of pneumonitis induced by rifampicin. However, we think that the case needs further clarification. We note that on admission the chest radiograph did not show a simple left pleural effusion but an air-fluid level, suggestive of a bronchopleural fistula. A bronchopleural fistula associated with tuberculosi...