13 A large number of the bridges in the European railway networks are metallic bridges. 14 The increasing volume of traffic and axle weight of trains mean that for many 15 structures the loads today are much higher than those envisaged when they were 16 designed. This paper presents a summary of the different recommendations and 17 advices proposed in “Guidelines for Load and Resistance Assessm...

It has been suggested that population growth dynamics may be revealed by the geographic distribution and the physical structure of ancient bridges. Yet, this relationship has not been empirically verified. In this study, we applied the archaeological records for ancient bridges to reveal the population growth dynamics in the lower Yangtze River Basin in late imperial China. We investigated 89 a...

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae spore wall is a multilaminar coat that surrounds individual spores and protects them from environmental insult. Scanning electron microscopy reveals that the four spores of an ascus are connected by interspore bridges. Transmission electron microscopy of spores indicates that these bridges are continuous with the outer layers of the spore wall. In chs3 mutants, whic...

The mission of the Bridge Engineering Center is to conduct research on bridge technologies to help bridge designers/owners design, build, and maintain long-lasting bridges. The contents of this report refl ect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the information presented herein. The opinions, fi ndings and conclusions expressed in this publication are...

Over 200 prosthesis using adhesive resin have been set for three years from 1982 to 1985 in our clinic. The patients were recalled and investigated the prognosis of them. The following results were obtained: 1. Adhesion bridges accounted for more than 80% among them and number of posterior bridges has been increased in every year. 2. Adhesion splints have been mainly used for periodontal splint...

The HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 contains nine disulphide bridges and is highly glycosylated, carrying on average 24 N-linked glycans. Using a probability calculation, we here demonstrate that there is a co-localization of disulphide bridges and N-linked glycans in HIV-1 gp120, with a predominance of N-linked glycans in close proximity to disulphide bridges, at the C-terminal side of the inv...

Halophilic proteins have greater abundance of acidic over basic and very low bulky hydrophobic residues. Classical electrostatic stabilization was suggested as the key determinant for halophilic adaptation of protein. However, contribution of specific electrostatic interactions (i.e. salt-bridges) to overall stability of halophilic proteins is yet to be understood. To understand this, we use Ad...

The following paper describes the investigation of two old bridges over inland waterways in Germany under a possible ship impact. Both the numbers of ship impacts against bridges in Germany and the structural description of the bridges has been intensively dealt with. The investigation is based on probabilistic calculations to take into consideration the uncertainty of a possible impact and the...