Previous investigations have shown that preischemic hyperglycemia worsens cerebral outcome. This study sought to delineate the temporal relations between postischemic brain edema and the development of spontaneous epileptic activity. Fasted rats were subjected to 10 minutes of forebrain ischemia. One-half of the animals were made hyperglycemic by glucose infusion prior to ischemia. At serial re...

This study aimed to explore the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on brain tissue after traumatic brain injury in rats. Animals were divided into sham, control and EPO groups. The model was constructed using the improved Feeney's free falling weight traumatic brain injury model. The brain water content and the number of the apoptotic monocyte chemotactic protein-1(+) (MCP-1(+)) and CD68(+) cells w...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Age-dependent changes in T2-weighted MR images have been reported in cerebral hypoxia-ischemia. However, the biophysical mechanisms responsible for the image changes remain poorly defined. We investigated whether cerebral hypoxia-ischemia-induced T2 changes correlate with alterations in either water content or protein extravasation. METHODS One- and 4-week-old rats were...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle, CLEC4E) receptor is reported involved in neuroinflammation in cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury. This study was designed to investigate the role of Mincle and its downstream spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) signal pathway in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in a rat model. METHODS Two hundred fifte...

Hypothermia is an effective neuroprotective treatment for brain injury caused by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). It is reported to reduce brain edema and neuronal cell death. Thrombin, a coagulation protease released from blood clots, is critical in brain edema formation following ICH. Protease activated receptor‑1 (PAR‑1), matrix metalloproteinase‑9 (MMP‑9) and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) are edema‑ass...

The relationship between increase in water content in ischemic brain and levels of regional blood flow has been studied in 11 primates. Flows were recorded using the method of hydrogen (2-minute) clearance, from a total of 128 electrodes in cortex and white matter, and a gradation of ischemia was produced by middle cerebral occlusion transorbitally. The flows were reduced in the area of densest...

Brain edema is a potentially fatal pathological condition that often occurs in stroke and head trauma. Following brain insults, endothelins (ETs) are increased and promote several pathophysiological responses. This study examined the effects of ETB antagonists on brain edema formation and disruption of the blood-brain barrier in a mouse cold injury model (Five- to six-week-old male ddY mice). C...

It is long discussed that quantitative magnetic resonance imaging might provide a more specific insight into disease process, progression and therapeutic response of multiple sclerosis. We present an extension of a previously published approach for the simultaneous mapping of brain , and total water content. In addition to those three parameters, the method presented in the current work allows ...

background & objectives: ischemic stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability in most of the human societies. there is no effective treatment due to complexity of the pathophysiological mechanisms. today, more researches are designed to introduce involving factors and new treatment strategies in brain ischemia. the objective of this study is to introduce an experimental model of t...