Previous study showed that TIGAR (TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator) protected ischemic brain injury via enhancing pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux and preserving mitochondria function. This study was aimed to study the role of TIGAR in cerebral preconditioning. The ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and isoflurane preconditioning (ISO) models were established in primary cultured ...

The innate immune system plays a dualistic role in the evolution of ischemic brain damage and has also been implicated in ischemic tolerance produced by different conditioning stimuli. Early after ischemia, perivascular astrocytes release cytokines and activate metalloproteases (MMPs) that contribute to blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and vasogenic oedema; whereas at later stages, they pro...

physiologic responses to its environment is important for survival. Certain organs respond to sub-lethal exposures to hypoxia or ischemia by a variety of physiologic mechanisms. Some of these mechanisms induce a greater tolerance to a subsequent exposure to hypoxia or ischemia. This phenomenon is described as ischemic or hypoxic preconditioning.1,2 It is nature’s “what doesn’t kill you makes yo...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tolerance to ischemic brain injury is induced by several preconditioning stimuli, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A small dose of LPS given systemically confers ischemic protection in the brain, a process that appears to involve activation of an inflammatory response before ischemia. We postulated that LPS preconditioning modulates the cellular inflammatory response a...

Background: Recent studies suggest that prolonged and intermittent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (prolonged bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (PO) and intermittent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, respectively) can lead to reduced ischemia brain injury in ischemic tolerance. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in brain lipidomics followin...

introduction: the purpose of this study was to determine na-ca exchanger 2, 3 (ncx2, 3) protein level changes during 2, 5, 10, 15 days after induction of normobaric hyperoxia (ho) preconditioning. materials and methods: rats were divided in two experimental groups. the first group was exposed to 95% inspired ho for 4 h/day for 6 consecutive days (ho). the second group acted as control, and was ...

Cerebral ischemic preconditioning or tolerance is a powerful neuroprotective phenomenon by which a sublethal injurious stimulus renders the brain resistant to a subsequent damaging ischemic insult. We used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a preconditioning stimulus in a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to examine whether improvements in cerebrovascular function contribute to th...

background & objectives: ischemic stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability in most of the human societies. there is no effective treatment due to complexity of the pathophysiological mechanisms. today, more researches are designed to introduce involving factors and new treatment strategies in brain ischemia. the objective of this study is to introduce an experimental model of t...

background: ischemic brain strokes consisttwo‑thirdsof strokesand their complications bear a lot of disability for patient and society. in this study, we seek for effect of erythropoietin on ischemic brain stroke’s outcomes according to national institutes of health stroke scale (nihss) changes. methods: this study is a rct (randomized clinical trial). all patients with focal neurologic deficit...