conclusions according to iranian traditional medicine, the brain dystemperement is considered the main causes of alzheimer disease. by correcting the brain dystemperement, alzheimer can be well managed. this study helps to suggest a better strategy for preventing and treating alzheimer in the future. results findings showed that alzheimer disease has the most overlap with nesyan (fisad-e-zekr, ...

it has been hypothesized that elevated plasma homocysteine (hcy) plays a role in the pathogenesis of alzheimer’s disease (ad) and age-related cognitive decline. the mechanism of hcy neurotoxicity in the brain is controversial as well hcy is a ligand of nmda receptor. memantine, an uncompetitive antagonist of n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors approved for the treatment of moderate to severe ...

We propose a mathematical model for the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease based on transport diffusion equations. treat brain neurons as continuous medium structure them by their degree malfunctioning. Three different mechanisms are assumed to be relevant temporal evolution disease: i) agglomeration soluble Amyloid beta, ii) effects phosphorylated tau protein iii) neuron-to-neuron pr...

parkinson’s disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders.  there are many documents about the effects of oxidative stress in parkinson’s disease etiology. angiotensin ii activates nadph dependent oxidases and causes superoxides formation.  peganum harmala l. extract, which has angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitory effect, is considered to evaluate oxidative stress inhi...

we present a 19-year-old patient with hematologic and neurologic manifestations associated with wilson’s disease. idiopathic thrombocytopenia was diagnosed in october 2009. bone marrow aspiration was normal. gradually her neurologic and psychiatric symptoms emerged, dysarthria, writing apraxia, learning difficulties, emotionalism and eventually dystonia of hands. the serum ceruloplasmin was low...

disseminated nocardiosis (dn), is an infrequent and severe infection due to nocardia species and defined as infection in two or more discontinuous organs.  most infections occur in the immunocompromised host or in persons with underlying disease.  dn occurs rarely in children.  in this report, we describe an 11-year-old immune-compromised child with nocardiosis involving the lung, skin, brain a...

deep brain stimulation (dbs) is a neurosurgical procedure that enables brain structures to be stimulated electrically by a pacemaker implanted under the skin. in the 1980s, over a decade after its first use in pain, implantable dbs of the thalamus was performed to suppress tremor in parkinson’s disease (pd) refractory to drug treatments. primate-based research soon afterwards identified the sub...