The evolution of complete metamorphosis in insects is a key innovation that has led to the successful diversification of holometabolous insects, yet the origin of the pupa remains an enigma. Here, we analyzed the expression of the pupal specifier gene broad (br), and the effect on br of isoform-specific, double-stranded RNA-mediated silencing, in a basal holometabolous insect, the beetle Tribol...

In a previous study, we found that 2-deoxyribonolactone is effectively generated in the specific 5-bromouracil ((Br)U)-substituted sequence 5'-(G/C)[A]n = 1,2 (Br)U(Br)U-3' and proposed that a formed uracil-5-yl radical mainly abstracts the C1' hydrogen from the 5'-side of (Br)U(Br)U under 302-nm irradiation condition. In the present work, we performed photoirradiation of (Br)U-substituted DNA ...

Proof. Let g(x) = u(x) − sup∂Br(y) u − r2 − |x − y|2 2n supBr(y) f . We have ∆g = ∆u + supBr(y) f ≥ − f + supBr(y) f ≥ 0, that is, g is subharmonic in Br(y). Then supBr(y) g = sup∂Br(y) g = 0, so g ≤ 0 in Br(y) and the lemma follows. Lemma 2. If u is a solution to ∆u = f in Br(y) and v solves ∆v = 0 and v = u on ∂Br(y), then r2 − |x − y|2 2n inf Br(y) f ≤ v(x) − u(x) ≤ r 2 − |x − y|2 2n sup Br(...

Background: Hemicellulose containing nutritional supplements demonstrate benefi ts to the immune system in vitro and in vivo. Here we show that Natramune (PDS-2865) stimulates phagocytosis, nitric oxide production and boosts viability in J774A.1 murine machrophages. We also show that dietary supplementation with Natramune (PDS-2865) signifi cantly increases the levels of circulating lymphocytes...

Post-weaning protein malnutrition is often related to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in humans, as well to changed content of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system under experimental conditions. The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is a bulbar region that contains sympathetic premotor neurons; the excitatory amino acid L-glutamate seems to be the main neu...

Turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa L.), beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) and carrot (Daucus carota L.) are common vegetables in South Africa. The allelopathic potential of aqueous leaf and root extracts of Aloe ferox Mill.a highly valued medicinal plantwas evaluated against seed germination and seedling growth of the three vegetables in Petri dish experiments. The extracts were tested at concentrations...

1 Department of Dental Pharmacology and Wonkwang Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, South Korea 2 Department of Pharmacology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk, South Korea 3 Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea 4 Muj...

T h e B R algorithm, a new method for calculating the eigenvalues of an upper Hessenberg matrix, is introduced. I t is a bulge-chasingalgorithm like the Q R algorithm, but , unlike the QR algorithm, it is well adapted to computing the eigenvaluesof the narrow-band, nearly tridiagonal matrices generated by the look-ahead Lanczos process. This paper describes the B R algorithm and gives numerical...

Fatty acids are an important class of signaling molecules regulating key aspects of whole body metabolism and physiology. In this issue, Yore et al. report a group of branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids that regulate insulin secretion and glucose uptake through the activation of GPR120.

Statins reduce cholesterol levels by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and have a major place in the treatment of atherosclerotic disease. Recent studies have shown anti-infl ammatory properties of statins. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-infl ammatory eff ect of simvastatin on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fi brosis in rats. A total of 31 female ...