نتایج جستجو برای: bound language
تعداد نتایج: 605489 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The tight upper bound on the state complexity of the reverse of R-trivial and J -trivial regular languages of the state complexity n is 2n−1. The witness is ternary for R-trivial regular languages and (n− 1)ary for J -trivial regular languages. In this paper, we prove that the bound can be met neither by a binary R-trivial regular language nor by a J -trivial regular language over an (n − 2)-el...
Stepping into Mindful Education: A Teacher Educator’s Narrative of Contextualizing a SLTE Curriculum
Initiation into contextualizing mindful second language teacher education (SLTE) has challenged teacher educators causing their retreat into mindless submission to ready-made standardized directives. To revive the starting perspective in curriculum development in light of the recent trend towards responsive SLTE, this practitioner research investigated how the context was incorporat...
monumental changes occurring on a daily basis have altered the world into a global village of expanding technology and shrinking geography in which preparing language learners for intercultural communication seems to be a sine qua non for modern language education. employing a cross-sectional design in its first phase, this study investigated the intercultural sensitivity and language proficien...
according to cheng (1999), in recent esl/efl literature, asian (especially east asian) learners of english as a foreign/second language have been arguably reported as reticent and passive learners. the most common allegations are that these students are reluctant to participate in classroom discourse; they are unwilling to give responses; they do not ask questions; and they are passive and over...
We relate two measures of complexity of regular languages. The first is syntactic complexity, that is, the cardinality of the syntactic semigroup of the language. That semigroup is isomorphic to the semigroup of transformations of states induced by non-empty words in the minimal deterministic finite automaton accepting the language. If the language has n left quotients (its minimal automaton ha...
The quotient complexity of a regular language L, which is the same as its state complexity, is the number of left quotients of L. An atom of a non-empty regular language L with n quotients is a non-empty intersection of the n quotients, which can be uncomplemented or complemented. An NFA is atomic if the right language of every state is a union of atoms. We characterize all reduced atomic NFAs ...
In this paper we consider the problem of deciding membership in Dyck languages, a fundamental family of context-free languages, comprised of well-balanced strings of parentheses. In this problem we are given a string of length n in the alphabet of parentheses of m types and must decide if it is well-balanced. We consider this problem in the property testing setting, where one would like to make...
in one pole of the continuum of language learning, theoreticians and practitioners traditionally consider english as english as a second language or english as a foreign language. however, in the other pole of this continuum where english is thought of as the most effective tool for international communication, it is referred to as a lingua franca. those who favor an approach to english growing...
A language L is the orthogonal catenation of languages L1 and L2 if every word of L can be written in a unique way as a catenation of a word in L1 and a word in L2. We establish a tight bound for the state complexity of orthogonal catenation of regular languages. The bound is smaller than the bound for arbitrary catenation.
We introduce the notions of topological entropy a formal language and automaton. show that function is surjective bound languages accepted by deterministic ?-free push-down automata with an arbitrary amount stacks.
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