Abstract Here we present new observations of two different interactions between aeolian ridges and boulder fields on Mars that provide insight into past wind conditions. First, an analysis ridge at test sites in Proctor Crater additional site ~430 km to the northeast shows geometry can be affected by changes surface roughness elements generated fields. Second, a detailed examination some found ...

Indurated surficial veneers are a characteristic phenomenon on exposures of unjointed granite in the southeastern states. They are caused by deposition of iron oxides in the interstices between the partially disaggregated mineral grains of the "sap" rock at the surface of the exposure. Breaching of veneers produces such peculiar erosional forms as weather pits, cavernous boulders, and pedestal ...

Natural hazards such as large debris flow events can have catastrophic effects on the environment and critical infrastructure, posing a significant threat to human life. Debris flows often exhibit high velocity, high-pressure discharges due their bulk volume, capacity transport considerable volumes of rocks, boulders, woody debris. Although run-out simulations are commonly performed using hydra...