This paper presents the rheology of weakly wetted granular materials in the slow frictional regime, using Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations. In a split-bottom ring shear cell geometry a slow, quasi-static deformation leads to wide shear bands away from the walls. Dry non-cohesive and cohesive materials are compared in order to understand the effect of liquid bridge capillary forces on t...

A three-dimensional mixed variational principle is used to derive a Kth-order two-dimensional linear theory for an anisotropic homogeneous piezoelectric (PZT) plate. Themechanical displacements, the electric potential, the inplane components of the stress tensor, and the in-plane components of the electric displacement are expressed as a Ž nite series of orderK in the thickness coordinate by ta...

A two-week dataset from a partially and periodically stratified estuary quantifies variability in the turbulence across the tidal and spring–neap time scales. These observations have been fit with a twoparameter model of the Reynolds stress profile, which produces estimates of the time variation of the bottom boundary layer height and the friction velocity. Conditions at the top of the bottom b...

this study proposed a new discharge estimation method using a mean velocity formula derived from chiu’s 2d velocity formula of probabilistic entropy concept and the river bed shear stress of channel. in particular, we could calculate the mean velocity, which is hardly measurable in flooding natural rivers, in consideration of several factors reflecting basic hydraulic characteristics such as ri...

Free vibration analysis of higher-order shear deformation beam resting on one- and two-parameter elasticfoundation is studied using differential transform method (DTM) as a part of a calculation procedure. First,the governing differential equations of beam are derived in a general form considering the shear-freeboundary conditions (zero shear stress conditions at the top and bottom of a beam). ...

It is well documented that physiological and morphological properties of anchored cells are influenced by fluid shear stress. Common orbital shakers provide a means of simultaneously applying shear stress to cells for tens to hundreds of cases by loading the shaker with multiple dishes. However, the complex flow in orbiting dishes is amenable to analytical solution for resolving shear created b...

Understanding the nature and extent of methane production and flux in aquatic sediments has important geochemical, geotechnical, and global climate change implications. Quantifying these processes is difficult, because much of the methane flux in shallow sediments occurs via ebullition (bubbling). Direct observation of bubble formation is not possible, and bubbling is episodic and dependent upo...

As waves travel and shoal towards a beach, their surface elevation becomes peaky (sharp crests) and asymmetric relative to the vertical. Within a wave period, the corresponding orbital velocity near the bottom shows a similar (time) variation and it is recognized that these nonlinearities are responsible for sediment transport. The resulting wave-induced bottom shear stresses are required for m...