Ticks and tick transmitted infectious agents are increasing global public health threats due to abundance, expanding geographic ranges of vectors pathogens, emerging tick-borne agents. Greater understanding tick, host, pathogen interactions will contribute development novel control disease prevention strategies. Tick-borne pathogens adapt in multiple ways very different vertebrate host environm...

BACKGROUND The ongoing drought in sub-Saharan countries has led to the colonisation of west African Savanna by Ornithodoros sonrai; this tick acts as a vector for Borrelia crocidurae, which causes tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF). Our aim was to ascertain the incidence of TBRF in west Africa. METHODS From 1990 to 2003, we monitored the incidence of TBRF in Dielmo, Senegal, by daily clinical ...

Mosquito-borne infections and viral outbreaks have bewildered physicians and population at large from time to time, there seems to be a constant cat and mouse race between the medical fraternity and these mosquito menaces. Zika virus and its vector Aedes aegyti are currently bothering the world population, this infection has affected pregnant women causing microcephaly in their new-borns and al...

Background: Vector-borne infectious and zoonotic diseases are an important health problem that directly affects human and animal health negatively. Results through evaluation of coagulation disorders among vector-borne diseases should be of beneficial for both human and dogs studies. According to the present author’s knowledge reports regarding changes in platelet (PLT) count, prothrombin time ...

Well-documented cases of simultaneous human infection with more than one tick-borne pathogen are rare. To our knowledge only two dual infections have been reported: simultaneous human infection with the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis and Borrelia burgdorferi and simultaneous human infection with B. burgdorferi and Babesia microti (1-2). Rocky Mountain spotted fever has long been known...

Dengue is the most important tropical mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by an arbovirus, the dengue virus. It should be noted that there are still other unusual modes of transmission of dengue infection. This paper summarizes those non vector-borne transmissions of dengue including vertical transmission, transfusion related transmission, transplantation related transmission, and needle-s...

Occupational exposure to a range of pathogens represents a serious risk to anaesthetists. The risk of transmission of blood-borne pathogens, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B and C, are well known, but occupational exposure also includes airborne pathogens such as tuberculosis. The risk of occupational infection with a blood-borne pathogen is proportional to three factors:

3.1 Hemodialysis units should ensure implementation of, and adherence to, strict infection-control procedures designed to prevent transmission of blood-borne pathogens, including HCV. (Strong) K Isolation of HCV-infected patients is not recommended as an alternative to strict infection-control procedures for preventing transmission of blood-borne pathogens. (Weak) K The use of dedicated dialysi...

We assessed the risk for human tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), ixodid tick-borne borrelioses, and double infection from 1994 to 1998 in Perm, which has among the highest rates of reported cases in Russia. We studied 3,473 unfed adult Ixodes persulcatus ticks collected from vegetation in natural foci and 62,816 ticks removed from humans. TBE virus and Borrelia may coexist in ticks.