Just after almost simultaneous publications in 1979 of two books, " Lattice Path Combinatorics with Statistical Applications " , by T.V. Narayana and " Lattice Path Counting and Applications " , by me, I realized that there was a substantial growing interest in lattice path combinatorics and applications in the fields of applied probability, statistics and computer science. I also realized that...

Measuring and evaluating a learner’s learning ability is always the focus of every person whose aim to develop strategies plans for their learners improve process. For example, classroom assessments, self-assessment using computer systems such as Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS), other approaches are available. Assessment metacognition one these techniques. Having evaluate monitor one’s known...

When adopting and using a Software Development Method (SDM), it is important to stay true the philosophy of method; otherwise, software developers might execute activities that do not lead intended outcomes. Currently, no overview SDM research addresses developers’ reasoning behind SDMs. Accordingly, this paper aims survey existing scrutinize current knowledge base on type adoption use. We exec...

abstract textbooks play an important role in english language teaching (elt), particularly in the english as a foreign language (efl) context where it provides the primary linguistic input. the present research was an attempt to comparatively evaluate the touchstone series in terms of compliment and complaint speech acts. four touchstone textbooks (book 1, book 2, book 3, and book 4) were selec...

Open source software (OSS) has changed the landscape and economics of software industry. Large software firms are changing their business models to incorporate OSS for long term success. As a result of greater organizational involvement in OSS, there is an increased prevalence of reward options for OSS developers. However, introducing compensation/rewards to these ideologically motivated commun...

“Towards Software Excellence” (TSE) is a web-based process assessment facility established by the UK’s National Computing Centre (NCC). TSE provides software developers with a simple and easy-to-use means of self-assessing the capability of their development processes. They can understand the “good practice” expected by TSE, compare their processes against TSE’s process model, identify their "s...

There is evidence that CASE tools do not completely meet the goal of their diverse users. Part of the problem seems to be a gap between how programs are represented and manip ulated in the user interfaces of CASE tools and the experiences of software developers, includin g maintainers, testers and programmers. The empirical study presented in this paper uses two different methods to measure the...