The two major problems that have been reported with the use of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement are thermal necrosis of surrounding bone due to the high heat generation during polymerisation and chemical necrosis due to unreacted monomer release. Computer models have been used to study the temperature and monomer distribution after cementation. In most of these models, however, polymerisati...

Deep infection following total knee arthroplasty is a catastrophic complication. Recently, antibiotic-loaded bone cement has been applied to prevent deep infection after total joint arthroplasty. However, there is still controversy about the prophylactic effect of antibiotic-loaded bone cement after primary total knee arthroplasty. This study reviewed 2293 patients who underwent primary total k...

After cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) there may be failure at either the cement-stem or the cement-bone interface. This results from the occurrence of abnormally high shear and compressive stresses within the cement and excessive relative micromovement. We therefore evaluated micromovement and stress at the cement-bone and cement-stem interfaces for a titanium and a chromium-cobalt stem. ...

Osteoporosis causes a decrease in bone mineral density. To overcome the decrease in fixation strength, a variety of techniques and devices have been developed, including cement augmentation of pedicle screws. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), is commonly known as bone cement, and is widely used for implant fixation in various orthopaedic and spine surgery. In general, PMMA augmentation of pedicle...

There has been much debate and controversy about the routine use of antibiotic-impregnated bone cement in primary total joint arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to undertake a meta-analysis to determine whether the use of antibiotic-impregnated bone cement would reduce the incidence of infection after primary total joint arthroplasty. Of 313 citations identified for screening, 6 trials...

While including the cement-bone interface of complete cemented hip reconstructions is crucial to correctly capture their response, its modelling is often overly simplified. In this study, the mechanical mixed-mode response of the cement-bone interface is investigated, taking into account the effects of the well-defined microstructure that characterises the interface. Computed tomography-based p...

Whilst specimen-specific finite element (FE) models of bone have shown good agreement with experimental results, the representation of cement-augmented bone for orthopaedic applications remains a challenge. In previous studies, the bone-cement interface has been represented in simplified forms using continuum level models, but this has been shown to lead to large overestimations in the predicte...

Cement augmentation is an emerging surgical procedure in which bone cement is used to infiltrate and reinforce osteoporotic vertebrae. Although this infiltration procedure has been widely applied, it is performed empirically and little is known about the flow characteristics of cement during the injection process. We present a theoretical and experimental approach to investigate the intertrabec...

OBJECTIVE This research investigated the mechanical properties and bioactivity of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement after addition of the nano-hydroxyapatite(HA) coated bone collagen (mineralized collagen, MC). MATERIALS & METHODS The MC in different proportions were added to the PMMA bone cement to detect the compressive strength, compression modulus, coagulation properties and biosa...

Introduction Over the past years, in order to anchor a prosthetic component to bone, different cements based on selfpolymerizing poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) have been widely used as commercial synthetic biomaterials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a PMMA-based bone cement (Palamed® G40) on the viscoelastic behaviour of spongy bone from proximal human tibial epiphys...