Bone health, characterized by its mass, density, and micro-architectural qualities, is maintained by a balanced system of remodeling. The lack of these qualities, caused by an uncoupling of the remodeling process, leads to bone fragility and an increased risk for fracture. The prime regulator of bone remodeling is the RANK/RANKL/OPG system. The common origin of both bone and immune stem cells i...

introduction : acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) and non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl) are the most common malignancies in children and adolescents. therapies such as corticosteroids, cytotoxic and radiotherapy will have harmful effect on bone mineral density (bmd) which can lead to increased possibility of osteoporosis and pathological fractures. subjects and methods: this 3-year cross-sectional s...

Osteoporosis is more common in patients with COPD and in smokers. The aim of this study was to assess whether measures of emphysema and airway disease on computed tomography (CT) were associated with lower bone density or vertebral fractures in smokers with and without COPD. For this purpose, we included participants from the NELSON lung cancer screening trial. Bone density was measured as Houn...

Suboptimal vitamin D status is common among humans, and might increase bone resorption with subsequent negative effects on bone health. Fatty fish, including Atlantic salmon, is an important dietary vitamin D source. However, due to a considerable change in fish feed composition, the contribution of vitamin D from salmon fillet has been reduced. The main objective was to investigate if intake o...

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is the commonest cause of osteoporosis. It is associated with increased free radical activity induced by the oestrogen-deficient state. Therefore, supplementation with palm-oil-derived tocotrienols, a potent antioxidant, should be able to prevent this bone loss. Our earlier studies have shown that tocotrienol was able to prevent and even reverse osteoporosis due to v...

Biological markers or biomarkers are defined as indicators that signal events in biological systems (human body) or samples. A biomarker is not used as diagnosis test, but as an indicator of a disease or biological alteration. The biomarkers are classified in three types: 1) exposure; 2) susceptibility and 3) biomarkers of effect. For biomarkers of fluoride the examples would be respectively: 1...

INTRODUCTION Our objective was to compare the bone and renal effects among HIV-infected patients randomized to abacavir or tenofovir-based combination anti-retroviral therapy. METHODS In an open-label randomized trial, HIV-infected patients were randomized to switch from zidovudine/lamivudine (AZT/3TC) to abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC) or tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC). We measured bone mas...