Human iris is considered to be the most reliable biometric trait. Iris recognition system stores the discriminant and complete information of a particular iris in a compact form known as iris code, because of security reasons. Earlier it was conceived that resynthesizing the original information from the biometric template is not feasible, but later scrutinization proved this notion wrong. Diff...

Today the application of multimodal biometric systems is a common way to overcome the problems, which come with unimodal systems, such as noisy data, attacks, overlapping of similarities, and nonuniversality of biometric characteristics. In order to fuse multiple identification sources simultaneously, fusion strategies can be applied on different levels. This paper presents a theoretical concep...

One of the critical steps in designing a secure biometric system is protecting the templates of the users that are stored either in a central database or on smart cards. If a biometric template is compromised, it leads to serious security and privacy threats because unlike passwords, it is not possible for a legitimate user to revoke his biometric identifiers and switch to another set of uncomp...

While multimodal biometric systems were commonly believed to be intrinsically more robust to spoof attacks than unimodal systems, recent results provided clear evidence that they can be evaded by spoofing a single biometric trait. This pointed out that also multimodal systems require specific anti-spoofing measures. In this chapter we introduce the issue of multimodal anti-spoofing, and give an...

User privacy and template security are major concerns in the use of biometric systems. These are serious concerns based on the fact that once compromised, biometric traits can not be canceled or reissued. The Fuzzy Vault scheme has emerged as a promising method to alleviate the template security problem. The scheme is based on binding the biometric template with a secret key and scrambling it w...

Face recognition frameworks are a part of facial image processing applications. [1] It has been a active research topic in the last two decades and its methods are presently sent in access control frameworks. It is the most common method for biometric distinguishing proof and has the advantage of non intrusiveness over the other biometric strategies, for example, irises and fingerprints. So the...

A biometric is a distinct biological trait that can be used to recognize a person. Fingerprints have been used for over a century and are the most widely used for user identification. Fingerprint identification is commonly employed in Forensic science to support criminal investigations and in biometric systems such as civilian and commercial identification devices.Fingerprint is the pattern of ...

Prior research evidenced that unimodal biometric systems have several tradeoffs like noisy data, intra-class variations, restricted degrees of freedom, non-universality, spoof attacks, and unacceptable error rates. In order for the biometric system to be more secure and to provide high performance accuracy, more than one form of biometrics are required. Hence, the need arise for multimodal biom...

Identity verification is an increasingly important process in our daily lives. Whether we need to use our own equipment or to prove our identity to third parties in order to use services or gain access to physical places, we are constantly required to declare our identity and prove our claim. Traditional authentication methods fall into two categories: proving that you know something (i.e., pas...

Biometric recognition refers to the automated recognition of individuals based on their biological and behavioral characteristics such as fingerprint, face, iris, and voice. The first scientific paper on automated fingerprint matching was published by Mitchell Trauring in the journal Nature in 1963. The first objective of this paper is to document the significant progress that has been achieved...