introduction the lead is considered as one of the most toxic heavy metals in environment organizations of industrial and developing countries. therefore, refining of soil and water contaminated to this element is from most important environmental policies of this countries. lead metal is unnecessary for the body, so that trace amount in the body, indicating contamination with this element. lead...

Organic contaminant and total mercury concentrations were compared in four species of lamniform sharks over several age classes to examine bioaccumulation patterns and gain insights into trophic ecology. Contaminants found in young of the year (YOY) sharks were assumed to be derived from maternal sources and used as a proxy to investigate factors that influence maternal offloading processes. YO...

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of elemental sulfur, gypsum and chelating agent (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) on copper, zinc, nickel, cadmium, chromium and lead uptake by Brassica juncea from sewage sludge. Addition of sulphur acidified the sludge, which caused the pH decrease to 5.4 with an initial pH 6.7. The shoot and root biomass were increased with sulfur a...

Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly and low cost potential strategy for cleaning up of heavy metals from contaminated soils. Selection of promising plant is an important approach for successful phytoremediation. In two separate pot culture experiments, five levels of soil cadmium (Cd) concentrations as 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 mg Cd kg soil and five levels of lead (Pb) including 500, 1000, 2000,...

While marine organisms such as bivalves, seagrasses and macroalgae are commonly used as biomonitors for the environment pollution assessment, widely distributed sponges received little attention as potential helpful species for monitoring programmes. In this study, the trace element and radionuclide bioaccumulation and retention capacities of some marine sponges were estimated in a species-comp...

PCBs are mixtures of chlorinated biphenyls with different degrees of chlorination, are hydrophobic chemicals, very persistent and bioaccumulative in aquatic organisms, especially in fishes that are at the end of the food chain and are the final receptors of toxicants. PCBs can be classified as narcotics: they produce no change in the biophase and elicit anesthetic reversible effects. Bioaccumul...

Chemical management programs strive to protect human health and the environment by accurately identifying persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic substances and restricting their use in commerce. The advance of these programs is challenged by the reality that few empirical data are available for the tens of thousands of commercial substances that require evaluation. Therefore, most preliminary asses...

Many studies have investigated bioaccumulation and metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aquatic organisms. However, lack of studies investigated both processes simultaneously, and the interaction between these two processes is less understood so far. This study investigated the bioaccumulation kinetics of PAHs and metabolic enzyme activities, including total cytochrome P450 ...

Bioaccumulation and biotransformation are key toxicokinetic processes that modify toxicity of chemicals and sensitivity of organisms. Bioaccumulation kinetics vary greatly among organisms and chemicals; thus, we investigated the influence of biotransformation kinetics on bioaccumulation in a model aquatic invertebrate using fifteen (14)C-labeled organic xenobiotics from diverse chemical classes...

This is the first study of broad range chemical classes CECs conducted in upper Wisla river catchment including biggest WWTPs this region and surface waters. The list compounds extensive paper provides, for time, better understanding environmental burden from PCPCs Poland. Cumulative contribution hypertension pharmaceuticals, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) lifestyle chemicals was...