In this paper, we propose an automatic skin beautification framework based on color-temperature-insensitive skin-color detection. To polish selected skin region, we apply bilateral filter to smooth the facial flaw. Last, we use Poisson image cloning to integrate the beautified parts into the original input. Experimental results show that the proposed method can be applied in varied light source...

This paper identifies mechanisms that are implementable even when the planner cannot commit to the rules of the mechanism. The standard approach is to require mechanism to be robust against redesign. This often leads nonexistence of acceptable mechanisms. The novelty of this paper to require robustness against redesigns that are themselves robust against redesigns that are themselves robust aga...

Opportunism is a central construct in exchange theory. Economists contend that despite the firm’s best efforts to erect governance structures that reduce opportunism and preserve outcomes, there is always some opportunism that remains once the transaction is in place. Despite this, there are few studies that systematically investigate the safeguarding efficacy of relationship attributes in the ...

In this article, the reasonswhydeveloping countries trade fewer agricultural products than developed countries are analyzed. Based on earlier findings that low trade volume in the agricultural sector is due to high trade costs, the focus is on evaluating the extent to which bilateral trade costs in the agricultural sector differ among trading partners. Using a neo-Ricardian trade model, the res...

Cervical chondrocutaneous remnants are uncommon congenital lesions which may be unilateral or bilateral. Although the clinical characteristics of these lesions are well described, their embryological origin is debated. Treatment of these lesions are complete excision, but before the excision, clinicians must consider that these lesions are associated with several anomalies and malformations. We...

Under some circumstances, a group of individuals may need to negotiate together as a negotiation team against another party. Unlike bilateral negotiation between two individuals, this type of negotiations entail to adopt an intra-team strategy for negotiation teams in order to make team decisions and accordingly negotiate with the opponent. It is crucial to be able to negotiate successfully wit...