BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Of the various biochemical markers used to validate the smoking status of a person, nicotine and continine are considered as good markers for both active and passive smoking. In the present study an attempt was made to estimate urinary levels of nicotine and cotinine in healthy individuals from north India using different types of tobacco to identify and validate the smo...

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;" lang="EN-US">Abstract.</span></em></strong><em><span lang="EN-US"> Providing information servi...

The Malaysian Parliament had enacted the Franchise Act in 1998 and one of main purposes this is to monitor registration regulate franchise businesses Malaysia ensure that all are following laws regulation. Registration franchisor (including foreign franchisor) franchisee has been stated section 6 6B 1998. However, silent whether a business mandatory. Meanwhile, next issue an unregistered establ...

The rigidity of early class analysis and the recent demise of any type of class analytics have turned attention away from examining the growing population of informally employed workers as a class. By not examining informal workers as a class “in themselves,” we are losing insights into how they are translating their positions into a class “for themselves.” As a consequence, the recent literatu...

SETTING Pulmonary department of a tertiary health care centre in India. OBJECTIVES To study the clinical profile of diseases causing chronic airflow limitation (CAL). DESIGN Standard criteria were used for the diagnosis for various diseases causing CAL. Severity of CAL was graded using forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)% predicted. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) was confirmed by 2-d...

Around the world, number of people displaced from their homes continues to increase due political conflict and climate change. The Ugandan government’s policy for settling refugees shifts focus seeing as humanitarian obligations recognizing that refugee settlements bring improved services infrastructure can serve both residents host communities. A key aspect this is provide with land use rights...

Radiation shield ing aprons are needed by radiation workers to minimize exposure the body. The apron s at present use fabric-coated lead plates which heavy and rigid materials therefore not comfortable use. Polymer from cassava starch glycerin with addition of Pb- nitrate filler 0 %, 2 4 6 % have been synthesized. Mixtures for synthesizing polymer composites were heated using a magnetic stirrer...

INTRODUCTION India has experienced marked sociocultural change, economic growth and industry promotion of tobacco products over the past decade. Little is known about the influence of these factors on socioeconomic patterning of tobacco use. This study examines trends in tobacco use by socioeconomic status (SES) in India between 2000 and 2012. METHODS We analyzed data in 2014 from nationally-...

BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among both genders. The histopathological patterns of lung cancer in different parts of India appear to be variable. OBJECTIVE To study the profile of lung cancer in northern Himachal Pradesh. METHODS Patients of all age groups and either gender with history and complaints suggestive of lung cancer were subjected to furthe...

Background: There is considerable rise in elderly population as per 2011 census of India and majority of them are residing in rural areas. Objective: To study health problems amongst the elderly population of Rural areas of Pune, Maharashtra. To study pattern of addictions amongst the elderly population of rural areas of Pune, Maharashtra. Materials and methods: A community based cross-sectiona...