Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a pathologic condition characterized by the deposition of amyloid in the walls of small vessels in the cerebral cortex and meninges. Intracerebral hemorrhage is common in persons with this condition, but pure subarachnoid or subdural hemorrhage is rarely seen. Recently, the existence of two types of amyloid proteins related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy, beta pro...

A series of benzofuran derivatives have been identified as inhibitors of fibril formation in the beta-amyloid peptide. The activity of these compounds has been assessed by a novel fibril-formation-specific immunoassay and for their effects on the production of a biologically active fibril product. The inhibition afforded by the compounds seems to be associated with their binding to beta-amyloid...

Although the amyloid dye thioflavin-T (ThT) is among the most widely used tools in the study of amyloid fibrils, the mechanism by which ThT binds to fibrils and other beta-rich peptide self-assemblies remains elusive. The development of the water-soluble peptide self-assembly mimic (PSAM) system has provided a set of ideal model proteins for experimentally exploring the properties and minimal d...

Although beta-amyloid, anxiety and depression have linked cross-sectionally to reduced memory function in healthy older adults without dementia, prospective data evaluating these associations are lacking. Using data an observational cohort study of 178 healthy older adults without dementia followed for 3 years, we found that anxiety symptoms significantly moderated the relationship between beta...

Doubly transgenic mice expressing both a mutated amyloid precursor protein and a mutated presenilin-1 protein accumulate A(beta) deposits as they age. The early A(beta) deposits were found to be primarily composed of fibrillar A(beta) and resembled compact amyloid plaques. As the mice aged, nonfibrillar A(beta) deposits increased in number and spread to regions not typically associated with amy...

BACKGROUND Monocyte/macrophages are known to infiltrate the brain of patients with HIV-1 encephalitis (HIVE). In Alzheimer's disease brain, the origin of activated microglia has not been determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS We employed the antigen retrieval technique, immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescense, and confocal microscopy to identify macrophages and microglia in relation to amyloid-bet...

beta-Amyloid protein (A beta) is a member of a small group of proteins that accumulate as amyloid deposits in various tissues. It has recently been demonstrated that the toxicity of A beta toward some neural cells is caused by oxidative damage. Since all of the amyloid diseases are characterized by protein deposited in the antiparallel beta-sheet conformation, it was asked whether there is a co...

Pathological lesions in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are characterized by dense deposits of the protein beta-amyloid. The link between the deposition of beta-amyloid in senile plaques and AD-associated pathology is, at present, controversial since there have been conflicting reports on whether the 39-43 amino acid beta-amyloid sequence is toxic or trophic to neurons. In ...

Through its ability to induce the enhanced release and production of cytokines, amyloid-beta is responsible for the chronic inflammatory response that contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Determining whether the response of monocytes to amyloid-beta stimulation is under genetic control may help understand the basis of why some people are more prone to develop neuronal degeneration than othe...