Models of agents that employ formal notions of mental states are useful and often easier to construct than models at the symbol (e.g., programming language) or physical (e.g., mechanical) level. In order to enjoy these bene ts, we must supply a coherent picture of mental-level models, that is, a description of the various components of the mental level, their dynamics and their inter-relations....

Whether an agent can be a collection of several interacting agents, a hierarchy, or some other type of organization? We believe that several difficult challenges for automated systems can be tackled by giving full meaning to the MAS concept: adopting a recursive definition of agents. In this work, we propose a definition of MAS beliefs in terms of its constituent agents' beliefs.

gaining insights into the learners’ individual characteristics such as beliefs about language learning and their relationship with learning strategies is essential for planning effective language instruction. thus, the present study investigated the relationship between beliefs about language learning and learning strategy use in iranian high school students. this study also compared the correl...