Among membrane-bound receptors, the G proteincoupled receptors (GPCRs) are certainly the most diverse. They have been very successful during evolution, being capable of transducing messages as different as photons, organic odorants, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides, lipids and proteins. Indirect studies, as well as two-dimensional crystallization of rhodopsin, have led to a useful model of a ...

Among membrane-bound receptors, the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are certainly the most diverse. They have been very successful during evolution, being capable of transducing messages as different as photons, organic odorants, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides, lipids and proteins. Indirect studies, as well as two-dimensional crystallization of rhodopsin, have led to a useful model of a...

We consider the subalgebras of split real, non-twisted affine Kac-Moody Lie algebras that are fixed by Chevalley involution. These infinite-dimensional not type and admit finite-dimensional unfaithful representations. exhibit a formulation these in terms $\mathbb{N}$-graded allows construction large class representations using techniques induced study how relate to previously established spinor...

A system making optimal use of available information in incremental language comprehension might be expected to use linguistic knowledge together with current input to revise beliefs about previous input. Under some circumstances, such an error-correction capability might induce comprehenders to adopt grammatical analyses that are inconsistent with the true input. Here we present a formal model...

Let G be a finite Abelian group and Cay(G, S) the Cayley (di)-graph of G with respect to S, and let A = Aut Cay(G, S) and A1 the stabilizer of 1 in A. In this paper, we first prove that if A1 is unfaithful on S then S contains a coset of some nontrivial subgroup of G, and then characterize Cay(G, S) if AS 1 contains the alternating group on S. Finally, we precisely determine all m-DCI p-groups ...

The problem of model selection, or determination of the number of hidden units, can be approached statistically, by generalizing Akaike's information criterion (AIC) to be applicable to unfaithful (i.e., unrealizable) models with general loss criteria including regularization terms. The relation between the training error and the generalization error is studied in terms of the number of the tra...

A conceptually simple and experimentally prevalent class of entanglement witnesses, known as fidelity detects via a state's with pure reference state. While existence proofs guarantee that suitable witness can be constructed for every entangled state, such assurances do not apply to witnesses. Recent results have found states cannot detected by witness, unfaithful states, are exceedingly common...