In this study, a total of 244 wheat and wheat-based products collected from Romania were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in order to evaluate the presence of four enniatins (ENs; i.e., ENA, ENA1, ENB, and ENB1) and beauvericin (BEA). For the wheat samples, the influence of agricultural practices was assessed, whereas the results for the wheat-based products...

Fusarium isolates from highland areas in Malaysia were mostly recovered two species of grasses, Elyhordeum montanense and Paspalum conjugatum. The grouped into four morphological groups. Based on TEF-1α sequences, morphotype 1 molecularly identified as F. graminearum complex, 2 venenatum, 3 avenaceum 4 kyushuense. Restriction analysis the Intergenic Spacer region showed high levels genetic dive...

Bio-guided screening is an important method to identify bioactive compounds from fungi. In this study we applied a fast digital time-lapse microscopic method for assessment of the antibacterial properties of secondary metabolites from the fungal genus Fusarium. Here antibacterial effects could be detected for antibiotic Y, aurofusarin, beauvericin, enniatins and fusaric acid after six hours of ...

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is implicated as a negative regulator of insulin receptor (IR) signaling and a potential drug target for the treatment of type II diabetes and other associated metabolic syndromes. Thus, small molecule inhibitors of PTP1B can be considered as an attractive approach for the design of new therapeutic agents of type II diabetes and cancer diseases. In a cont...

Landraces of maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) and its wild teosinte relatives (Zea mays spp. parviglumis and mexicana) were surveyed for sensitivity to fumonisin B(1), a phytotoxin produced by the maize pathogen Gibberella moniliformis. Only two of 42 Z. mays samples were highly insensitive to FB(1) (ED(50) = ca. 200 microM). The teosintes and 76% of the maize landraces were moderately or highly sens...

Raw oats are frequently contaminated by fungi producing mycotoxins, and as such, they can pose a health risk to humans regularly consuming oat products. To reveal the effect of particular processing steps on contamination levels in final products, two series samples obtained from an flake manufacturer were analysed. Among fractions treated, most significant mycotoxin decrease was demonstrated c...