We investigated two types of metaphors in stock market commentary. Agent metaphors describe price trajectories as volitional actions, whereas object metaphors describe them as movements of inanimate objects. Study 1 examined the consequences of commentators’ metaphors for their investor audience. Agent metaphors, compared with object metaphors and non-metaphoric descriptions, caused investors t...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two strategies of explicit teaching of economic terms on learners' vocabulary learning and retention. In the first explicit strategy, known as 'etymological elaboration', the focus was on presenting conceptual metaphors through 'identify-the-source' tasks, that is, providing the learners with the source domains underlying the metaphors,...

Understanding human thinking is crucial in the design and evaluation of human-computer interaction. Inspired by introspective psychology, we present five metaphors of human thinking. The aim of the metaphors is to help designers consider important traits of human thinking. We illustrate how to use the metaphors for usability evaluation and how good and poor user interfaces can be appreciated in...

In their recent article on embodied cognition, Wilson and Golonka (2013) also discuss research on conceptual metaphors like “power is up” or “the future is forward” to exemplify common approaches to embodied cognition. Metaphors are particularly interesting for embodied cognition research because they can map concrete, bodily experiences onto abstract concepts (Lakoff and Johnson, 1980). To be ...

Janice Hansen & Lindsey E. Richland Department of Education University of California, Irvine Eric P. S. Baumer Information Science Cornell University William Tomlinson Information Technology University of California, Irvine ABSTRACT While much work has examined how students think and and learn with metaphors, relatively little research has focused on thinking about metaphors, that is, thinking ...

Metaphors are fundamental to creative thought and expression. Newly coined metaphors regularly infiltrate our collective vocabulary and gradually become familiar, but it is unclear how this shift from novel to conventionalized meaning happens in the brain. We investigated the neural career of metaphors in a functional magnetic resonance imaging study using extensively normed new metaphors and s...

The neural mechanisms underlying the processing of conventional and novel conceptual metaphorical sentences were examined with event-related potentials (ERPs). Conventional metaphors were created based on the Contemporary Theory of Metaphor and were operationally defined as familiar and readily interpretable. Novel metaphors were unfamiliar and harder to interpret. Using a sensicality judgment ...

As-Living-Thing that includes 12 extended metaphors. However, no taxonomies are given for the other very general core metaphors used in MIDAS, which are LocationMetaphor, At-State, Have-State, Container-Metaphor, Kill-Metaphor, and EatingMetaphor. Moreover, there is little discussion of the relationship between these core metaphors. The third question is: is there some way to reduce the enormou...

This paper describes an experimental platform that was designed to investigate multimedia metaphors in communicating web search results. An experimental version of a web browser (to handle and represent search results) is the first step towards the exploration of multimedia metaphors in this research programme. The overall aim of our research programme is to investigated how search results extr...

Metaphors enable the understanding of a concept in terms of another concept which is generally not associated with it. In problem-solving tasks, reasoning by metaphors has a significant influence in the development of innovative ideas. In the design domain metaphors help to structure thinking, and represent situations from a new viewpoint. Despite the frequent use of metaphors in design practic...