Background There are a few possible ways to produce ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass, for instance, thermochemical and acid hydrolysis. However, enzymatic hydrolysis of carbohydrates is considered the greenest process for saccharification, followed by sugar fermentation into ethanol. The main challenge of the enzymatic saccharification process is that cellulose is not exposed to the enzyme ...

The xylanase biosynthesis is induced by its substrate-xylan. The high xylan content in some wastes such as wheat residues (wheat bran and wheat straw) makes them accessible and cheap sources of inducers to be mainly applied in great volumes of fermentation, such as those of industrial bioreactors. Thus, in this work, the main proposal was incorporated in the nutrient medium wheat straw particle...

Microbial production of antimicrobials as biopreservatives is the major area of focus nowadays due to increased interest of consumers towards natural and safe preservation of ready to eat food products. The agro-industrial byproduct based medium and optimized process conditions can contribute in economical production of bacteriocins. Keeping this in view, the present investigation was carried o...

The kraft process is applied to wood chips for separation of lignin from the polysaccharides within lignocellulose for pulp that will produce a high quality paper. Black liquor is a pulping waste generated by the kraft process that has potential for downstream bioconversion. However, the recalcitrant nature of the lignocellulose resources, its chemical derivatives that constitute the majority o...

The influence on impurity removal exerted by the application of flocculants in the phosflotation process has been investigated. A number of cationic flocculants are shown to enhance the removal of colour and starch. The use of flocculants did not influence the turbidity and conductivity ash of the clarified liquor. Changes in filterability and phosphate content of clear liquor resulting from th...

In this paper the development of a design model for Black liquor gasification is described, where factorial design is used for pilot plant experiments. The results from the experiments are then used to build multi-variate statistical models using PLS. These models are used to give the correlations between important variables and are later used in the physical simulation model to determine gas c...

Membrane separation is an alternative separation technology to the conventional method of filtration. Hence, it has attracted use in the purification and concentration of Chinese Herbal Medicine Extracts (CHMEs). The purpose of this work was to study the process of microfiltration of Tongbi liquor (TBL), a popular Chinese herbal drink, using ceramic membranes. Zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide...