Chris Taylor is Specialist Training Registrar, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sandwell General Hospital, West Bromwich; Steven Jeffery is Consultant Burns and Plastic Surgeon, Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham Improvements in the immediate medical and surgical care of battle casualties, and in body armour, have meant that soldiers are surviving injuries whi...

We analyse the effect of violence and rebellion on the evolution of household welfare. We collected new panel data for Burundi (1999-2007) in which we reinterviewed original as well as newly formed households (split-offs). We use several definitions of the household as unit of analysis and test for resource pooling between parental and split-off households. Focusing on the effect of civil war, ...

The hand is an integral component of the human body, with an incredible spectrum of functionality. In addition to possessing gross and fine motor capabilities essential for physical survival, the hand is fundamental to social conventions, enabling greeting, grooming, artistic expression and syntactical communication. The loss of one or both hands is, thus, a devastating experience, requiring si...

Major conflicts in history have yielded an equal number of medical casualties as those injured in battle, and no more common a problem exists in the insanitary conditions of war as dysentery. The complication of arthritis following dysentery has been documented since ancient times, but it is not until the 16th Century that these cases appear in any numbers, and then it is predominantly in milit...

From 1917 to 1918, Major Arthur Hurst filmed shell-shocked patients home from the war in France. Funded by the Medical Research Committee, and using Pathé cameramen, he recorded soldiers who suffered from intractable movement disorders as they underwent treatment at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Netley and undertook programs of occupational therapy at Seale Hayne in Devon. As one of the earlie...

World War I witnessed the admission of large numbers of German soldiers with neurological symptoms for which there was no obvious organic cause. This posed a considerable challenge for the military and medical authorities and resulted in an active discussion on the etiology and treatment of these disorders. Current historiography is reliant on published physician accounts, and this represents t...

scholars have long analyzed the influence of combat casualties on public support for war. however, the mechanisms through which casualties—particularly local casualties—affect wartime opinion formation have received much less attention. We employ a novel survey experiment to test three mechanisms that might explain previously observed cleavages in war support between residents of highand low-ca...

JOHN LADA and FRANK A. REISTER (editors), Medical statistics in World War II, Washington D.C., Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, 1975, 8vo, pp. xvii, 1215, illus., $19.50. In World War II American troops were deployed in eight theatres, forming the largest force ever mobilized by the nation. This book contains, in 1129 pages of tables, the data concerning the battle casualt...

Faults in a Shipboard Power System (SPS) may occur due to material casualties of electrical components or widespread fault due to battle damage. These faults may interrupt supply of electrical energy to loads that are important for proper functioning and survivability of SPS. To improve the reliability of SPS, and thus to enhance survivability of naval ships, automatic service restoration is pe...

We present here a general method for modelling the dynamics of battles among social animals. The proposed method exploits the procedures widely used to model chemical reactions, but still uncommon in behavioural studies. We applied this methodology to the interpretation of experimental observations of battles between two species of ants (Lasius neglectus and Lasius paralienus), but this scheme ...