Introduction: Antioxidants are compounds that eliminate free radicals, which reduce tissue damage and allow the organs and blood vessels to properly heal. In this research, the anticancer effect against MCF-7 and HT-29 cell lines, and antioxidant, antimicrobial and wound healing activities of the lichens extracts have been investigated. Materials and methods: Anticancer activity was assayed wi...

introduction: antioxidants are compounds that eliminate free radicals, which reduce tissue damage and allow the organs and blood vessels to properly heal. in this research, the anticancer effect against mcf-7 and ht-29 cell lines, and antioxidant, antimicrobial and wound healing activities of the lichens extracts have been investigated. materials and methods: anticancer activity was assayed wit...

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are a major group of organic contaminants which are consisted of two or more benzene rings. many of these compounds are potentially toxic and many studies have been carried out to investigate their toxicity in pahs exposed people. the bushehr coastal area is very important place for oil exploration, exploitation and transportation in north persian gulf. i...

Trape::ium sublael'igalum is a widely distributed nestler in rocky intertidal and sublittoral crevices in Hong Kong. It occurs on a range of beach types and in waters of different salinity; it is byssally attached and weakly heteromyarian in form. The quadrangular shell is often distorted. The basic structure of the shell and the morphology of the organs of the mantle cavity, visceral mass, and...

Geminate species are morphologically similar sister-species found on either side of the Isthmus of Panama. The existence of all geminates in the tropical Eastern Pacific ocean and the Caribbean Sea is most often explained by vicariance: closure of the Central American Seaway 3.1 to 3.5 Ma simultaneously isolated populations of species with amphi-American distributions. In this paper, we test th...

Geological uplift along the Central American Arc began in the Eocene with extensive development of emergent terrains by the early Miocene. Nevertheless, three independent lines of evidence are consistent with abundant seawater exchange between the oceans until about 4.7–3 Ma. (1) Isotopic and sedimentary data from ocean cores demonstrate that divergence in surface salinity and deep-sea carbonat...

Coral bleaching events are characterized by a dysfunction between the cnidarian coral host and the symbiotic dinoflagellate algae, known as zooxanthellae (genus Symbiodinium). Elevated temperature and intense light induce coral bleaching, where zooxanthellae are expelled from the host tissue. The primary cellular process in zooxanthellae which leads to coral bleaching is unresolved, and here, w...