PURPOSE To estimate the contribution of 3-dimensional (3D) lens geometry and gradient refractive index (GRIN) to the lens spherical aberration (SA) with age. METHODS A total of 35 donor human lenses (19-71 years) were imaged with 3D-spectral optical coherence tomography (sOCT). Paraxial and nonparaxial back focal length were measured with laser ray tracing (LRT). The parameters of a 4-variabl...

On August 13, 1995, a slope above Shum Wan Road failed due to high rainfall and caused a 30-m section of Nam Long Shan Road to collapse. The slope consists of weathered tuffs with a clay layer on the surface ofthe failure. A hydrogeological study was carried out by saturated finite difference grid model, MODFLOW, for the slope at the Shum Wan Road area. From the ground-water model, it was found...

[Purpose] The present study examined the influence of treadmill exercise added to a low back pain rehabilitation program on low back extensor strength, pain, and dysfunction in chronic low back pain patients. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty men aged 22-36 years with chronic low back pain were randomly divided into experimental and control groups of 10 patients each. Both groups underwent a low ba...

6 [1] Gravel-bedded channels often become incised and degraded below dams. Gravel can 7 be added to the channel to rehabilitate hydrogeomorphic conditions, including those 8 promoting salmon spawning. When implemented without increasing bed slope, gravel 9 addition at downstream riffles back floods upstream riffles. A 2-year gravel augmentation 10 project was done to test the efficacy of a new ...

[1] Sediment fans are a potentially useful and underexploited recorder of Earth’s climatic and tectonic history, but historical observations have led to conflicting views on the importance of tectonic, climatic, and lithologic variables in controlling fan morphology and deposition. A one-dimensional model of a sediment fan and its associated catchment is used to explore the sensitivity of such ...

Methane (CH(4)) production and consumption and soil respiration in loess soils collected from summit (Top), back slope (Middle), and slope bottom (Bottom) positions were assessed in laboratory incubations. The CH(4) production potential was determined under conditions which can occur in the field (relatively short-term flooding periods with initially ambient O(2) concentrations), and the CH(4) ...

Numerous simulation models have become available for the hazard delineation of gravitational mass movements such as debris flows in potential depositional area. This study compares basal friction coefficients two modelling approaches they been used other studies to simulate movement deposition. We show that both back-calculated are related fan or terrain slope deposition region and a flow mobil...

Two dimensional slope profile morphometric investigation in a part of the land failure prone Garhwal region of the Lesser Himalaya, Tehri district, U. P., India, indicates that the landslip morphology is closely related to the dominant movement processes active in this terrain. Technique developed for the morphometric analysis of landslips involves the use of five morphometric indices. Each ind...