In this study we investigate purchase behavior for virtual goods in three free-to-play game environments. In the modern free games, publishers sell virtual goods in order to generate revenue. However, game publishers face dire negative attitudes toward the business model as it can entice publishers to degrade the enjoyment of the game in order to sell more virtual goods that address the artific...

On the basis of an analysis number goods that are transported and handled in maritime transport, ports for cargo ships may be considered as places with concentrated emissions. Reducing emissions can achieved by shortening stay times ships. The time spend reduced to is required effective handling goods. One solutions using equipment linear rolling systems. To prevent idle unnecessary increment b...

As there is minimal gravitational force in space, muscles and bones are not loaded as they normally are on earth. Cosmonauts (and astronauts) in space lose their muscular strength very quickly (muscle atrophy), which is why they are not able to easily walk when they come back to earth. The decrease of bone density increases the risk of bone fractures, so it's not safe to stay in space for exten...

MapReduce[1] is a popular programming framework that is intended for automatical paralellization of computation in the cloud. MapReduce deals with data intensive applications; huge amount of data is first loaded from remote DFS, then copied as intermediate results from Mapper to Reducer, and finally written back to DFS. Along with this large amount of data transfer, many I/O operations are incu...

Modern computers are unable to store the complete data of high resolution medical images in main memory. Even on secondary memory (disk), such large datasets are sometimes stored in a compressed form. At rendering time, parts of the volume are requested by the ray tracing algorithm and are loaded from disk. If one is not careful, the same regions may be (decompressed and) loaded to memory sever...

The vast majority of projects deals with their “front-end,” i.e., the planning and delivery new assets, goods services, including building infrastructure, developing drugs, coding software. However, more need to deal “back-ends,” such as decommissioning withdrawing dangerous drugs from market eliminating malign While “front-end” projects, organizations involved in has been empirically investiga...

It is well known in the economic literature that labour supply curve can bend backwards and, therefore, leisure be a Giffen good. also normal This article proves if good, it has to result that, contrary common knowledge economics, not all goods, are inferior goods. These results could taken into account, for example, when finding empirical evidence and designing policies on supply, an era of ma...

We report >100-Gb/s direct-detection (DD) transmission using an integrated silicon optical receiver, which comprised a fully-differential 28-nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) transimpedance amplifier (TIA) wire-bonded to Silicon-Germanium (SiGe) balanced photodiode (PD). The TIA architecture enabled significant bit-error-rate (BER) and signal-to-noise ratio improvements over sin...

Given the difficulty in the prevention of terrorism, we have to figure out how to insulate our economy from a shock following a terrorist attack. For this purpose, it is indispensable to understand how terrorism can negatively influence the economy. In this paper, the focus is on the case of a small open economy where imports exceed exports. I pay a particular attention to the response of the c...