Peculiar band structures were found on murine and human leprosy bacilli in 1958 by Okada (1) _ Consequently Okada postulated that there might be some process of demarcation in the bacillary body which results in replication in a manner different from ordinary cell division. Sato has also presented pictures of similar structures (2) which he termed "demarcation lines" in the leprosy bacillus. In...

Heat killed tubercle bacilli repeatedly injected into or below the skin of rabbits increase conspicuously their resistance against infection with virulent tubercle bacilli. Protection against tuberculous infection following the administration of heat killed tubercle bacilli to rabbits is only slightly less than that given by BCG. Addition of certain antigens, notably heated horse serum, increas...

In this paper, the interest is in a structured Markov chain model to describe transmission dynamics of tuberculosis (TB) setting small communities hosts sharing confined spaces, and explore potential impact new pre-exposure vaccines on reducing number TB cases during an outbreak disease. The under consideration incorporates endogenous reactivation latent tubercle bacilli, exogenous reinfection ...

It is very common for newborns to be carriers of diphtheria bacilli. Therefore, although they get relatively infrequently, the question arises about immunizing them against disease.

1. Immunity to reinfection is a function of the increased capacity of the mononuclear phagocytes to destroy tubercle bacilli and varies directly with the extent of the primary lesion; however it is rarely sufficient to annihilate completely the microorganism. This acquired immunity is superimposed on the natural resistance of a given organ. 2. In the presence of sufficient immunity, such as occ...

The lengthy treatment regimen for tuberculosis is necessary to eradicate a small sub-population of M. tuberculosis that persists in certain host locations under drug pressure. Limited information is available on persisting bacilli and their location within the lung during disease progression and after drug treatment. Here we provide a comprehensive histopathological and microscopic evaluation t...

The aim of this study was to determine phenotypic differences when BCG invades macrophages. Bacilli prepared from the same BCG primary seed, but produced in different culture media, were analysed with respect to the ability to stimulate macrophages and the susceptibility to treatment with cytokines and nitric oxide (NO). Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) activity was assayed by measuring its cytotox...