The human Y chromosome harbours genes that are essential for spermatogenesis. Most of these genes lie in the male-specific region (MSY) of Y chromosome. Microdeletions of AZF within the MSY have been reported in infertile men. Widely different frequencies of such deletions (0-55%) have been reported from different populations. TSPY is another gene located in the MSY region that plays a signific...

background: in human, about 25% of implanted embryos are losing 1-2 week following attachment to the uterus. a subset of this population will have three or more consecutive miscarriages which define as repeated pregnancy loss (rpl). introducing the assisted reproductive technologies (arts) made a chance for infertile couples to solve their childless problem. objective:  this study was conducted...

Despite the well-established role of the human serotonin transporter (hSERT) in the treatment of depression, the molecular details of antidepressant drug binding are still not fully understood. Here we utilize amber codon suppression in a membrane-bound transporter protein to encode photocrosslinking unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into 75 different positions in hSERT. UAAs are incorporated with h...

OBJECTIVE Aproximately 10% of patients with non-obstructive azoospermia and 5% with non-obstructive severe oligozoospermia carry AZF region microdeletions (AZoospermic Factor) in the Y chromosome. The aim of this study is to analize the clinical and pathological findings in this group of patients and compare them with the previous evidence. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective study of 11 patie...

Bovine adrenal zona fasciculata (AZF) cells express a noninactivating K+ current (IAC) that is inhibited by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) at picomolar concentrations. Inhibition of IAC may be a critical step in depolarization-dependent Ca2+ entry leading to cortisol secretion. In whole-cell patch clamp recordings from AZF cells, we have characterized properties of IAC and the signalling pa...

The whole cell version of the patch clamp technique was used to identify and characterize voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in enzymatically dissociated bovine adrenal zona fasciculata (AZF) cells. The great majority of cells (84 of 86) expressed only low voltage-activated, rapidly inactivating Ca2+ current with properties of T-type Ca2+ current described in other cells. Voltage-dependent activation ...

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background: infertility is a health problem which affects about 10-20% of married couples. male factor infertility is involved approximately 50% of infertile couples. most of male infertility is regarding to deletions in the male-specific region of the y chromosome. objective: in this study, the occurrence of deletions in the azf region and association between infertility and paternal age were ...