This article presents a comprehensive survey of routing protocols proposed for routing in Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks (VDTN) in vehicular environment. DTNs are utilized in various operational environments, including those subject to disruption and disconnection and those with high-delay, such as Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANET). We focus on a special type of VANET, where the vehicular tr...

Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTN) have been a popular subject of recent research and development. These networks are characterized by frequent, lengthy outages and a lack of contemporaneous end-to-end paths. In this work we discuss techniques for extending IP to operate more effectively in DTN scenarios. Our scheme, Disruption Tolerant IP (DIP), uses existing IP packet headers, uses the existi...

A Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN) is characterized by scenarios where end-to-end connectivity is rarely available. Hence, in such networks, the use of existing ad hoc routing protocols may result on poor performance, since they rely on the existence of an end-to-end path between the source and destination nodes. This paper proposes a DTN routing strategy called DRAIN. Differently from other p...

Delay and Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are networks that experience frequent and long-lived connectivity disruptions. Unlike traditional networks, such as TCP/IP Internet, DTNs are often subject to high latency caused by very long propagation delays (e.g. interplanetary communication) and/or intermittent connectivity. Another feature that sets DTNs apart from conventional networks is tha...

Background and Objectives The emergence of high-speed mobile networks providing Internet access has opened up many possibilities for the development of new services in a variety of application domains, including healthcare. A typical example is a service where patients with specific medical problems are equipped with sensors monitoring their medical state on a continuous basis, generating some ...

Much effort has been involved in packet-level error control and delay jitter concealment for Internet audio applications. A packet-based time-scale modification scheme for speech signals is developed to provide adaptive delay concealment at the receiver for an Internet voice session in this work. The adaptive playout algorithm strives to minimize packet droppings for late-arrival packets and pr...

Today’s Internet architecture and protocols, while perfectly suitable for wellconnected users, may easily experience serious performance degradation and entirely stop working in more challenged networking environments. Such environments are manifold, ranging from mobile users experiencing occasional or frequent disconnections to communication services for remote areas, to vehicular network comm...

Delay tolerant-network (DTN) is emerging technology in wireless communication. This network is useful in scenarios where no end-to-end path exists from source to destination. Current work in routing protocols for delay and disruption tolerant networks leverage epidemic-style algorithms that trade off injecting many copies of messages into the network for increased probability of message deliver...

-Higher layer protocols in wireless networks need to dynamically adapt to observed network response. The common approach is that each session employs end-to-end monitoring to estimate quantities of interest, like delay, delay jitter and available bandwidth. A less conventional approach is to employ lower layer explicit feedback mechanisms in place or in aid of end-to-end efforts. Available band...

We present a core-stateless quality of service architecture for achieving delay differentiation between flows. There are two key components in our approach: 1. Per-class per-hop relative average delay: the average queueing delay perceived by the packets in a delay class at a link is inversely proportional to the delay weight of the class. 2. Per-flow end-to-end delay class adaptation: the delay...